| 研究生: |
黃禾岳 Huang, Ho-Yueh |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
自由跌水受格框型水舌導流工間距影響之研究 Flow study on the slotted spacing effects of guided rack below the free overfall |
| 指導教授: |
黃進坤
Huang, Chin-Kun |
| 共同指導教授: |
唐啟釗
Tang, Chii-Jau |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 水利及海洋工程學系 Department of Hydraulic & Ocean Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2014 |
| 畢業學年度: | 102 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 104 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 水舌 、跌流保護工 、水舌導流工 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Nappe, Free overfall, Guided rack, Guidance Method |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:61 下載:2 |
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本文為探討格框型水舌導流工其透水性對於自由跌流沖擊底床之防護效果,分析格框間隙對水舌撞擊格框之分流、消能、沖擊區域以及經過格框後沖擊下方底床作用力之影響,使往後設計與佈置此導流工時能獲得所需保護標的之最佳設計。
本試驗是於室內水力試驗渠槽以定床的模式進行試驗,其水力條件為:流量Q=0.011cms、跌水平台高H=0.2m、跌水數D=0.009、上游福祿數Fr=0.205。導流板長(沿流向)0.3m、寬0.4m、厚0.01m,導流板最高處距底床0.095m。
由試驗之結果可以發現不論何種格框間距配置方式皆有減少跌流對底床之沖擊力,其最佳可減少87.6%之底床沖擊力,最少亦可減少42.1%對底床之沖擊。在固定縱向框條間距(L)改變橫向框條間距(W)之實驗條件下,隨著橫向框條(W)間距增加、孔隙率(ε)增加,自由跌流因框條之存在使透水與導流效應改變、使其入射角度θ隨之減少、衝擊位置Ld越遠離跌水平台且因其通過導流工之動量增加而導致底床受跌流之沖擊力Fb、剪力增加,以致於減少衝擊率隨之減少。在固定橫向框條間距(W)改變縱向框條間距(L)之實驗條件下,隨著縱向框條(L)間距增加、孔隙率(ε)增加,其導流板上之超臨界偏轉流發生水躍之位置越接近上游,且其迴水區導流板上下迴水流動之範圍越大。有鑑於改變框條間距所帶來的影響,對於不同保護標的即可選用不同之排列方式保護之。
In order to protect channel bed scoured by nappe flow, we place the guided rack below the free overfall. The guided rack can not only guide the nappe , but also reduce the impact which acted by nappe. The guided rack is constituted by the longitudinal and lateral sticks. So as to realize the longitudinal sticks or the lateral sticks affect the flow field well, we design the guided rack which is fixed spacing between the longitudinal sticks and the changed spacing between the lateral sticks. On the other hand we design the guided rack which is fixed spacing between the lateral sticks and the changed spacing between the longitudinal sticks. By measuring the velocity, water level and the pressure of the channel bed, we compare the difference in flow distribution, energy dissipation, impact position and impact force. After comparing the experimental results, we can find that : no matter which kinds of guided rack, all of them can reduce the impact force. With the increased of the spacing of the lateral sticks, the impact position is more far away from the drop. Furthermore, the momentum pass through the guided rack also increase, and the momentum cause more impact force that acting on the bed. As a result, we can choose the certain guided rack to achieve our conservation purposes.
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