簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表
研究生： 陳熙瑩
Chen, Hsi-Ying
論文名稱： 金離子驅動氨基苯硫酚異構物介導偶合反應之引發及其表面增強拉曼散射行為
Au Ion-driven Initiation of Isomer-mediated Coupling and SERS Behavior of Aminothiophenols
指導教授： 黃志嘉
Huang, Chih-Chia
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 光電科學與工程學系
Department of Photonics
論文出版年： 2026
畢業學年度： 114
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 94
中文關鍵詞： 金–有機複合奈米 、介面化學 、氨基苯硫酚異構物 、表面增強拉曼散射
外文關鍵詞： Au–organic composite nanostructures, Interfacial chemistry, ATP isomers, SERS
相關次數： 點閱：2  下載：0 
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

    • 本研究報告一種利用金離子驅動之原位合成策略，將2、3及4-氨基苯硫酚（Aminothiophenol, ATP）異構物導Au(III) 還原與金奈米粒子成長過程中，藉由ATP與金物種之間的介面作用調控金奈米結構形成，並促進ATP衍生分子的氧化偶合與重組。
    相較於傳統將ATP後修飾於已形成金奈米粒子表面的方式，我們發現原位合成使ATP可於金成長過程中參與介面化學反應，形成具有SERS訊號的 Au@ATP 奈米結構。當在0.5 mM ATP條件下可獲得明顯SERS訊號，其中Au@2ATP0.5mM相較於後修飾Au–2ATP系統展現約13.6倍的訊號增強，Au@3ATP0.5mM與Au@4ATP0.5mM亦分別提升約4.0與1.6倍，顯示原位合成可產生不同於單純表面吸附的ATP衍生介面物種。進一步根據光譜比對，不同ATP異構物可形成azo-like、arylamine-like、quinone imine-like及oligomer-like結構，並調控材料之SERS表現與表面性質。其中，Au@4ATP0.5mM對MG分子展現出最高分析增強因子(~3.49 x 103)且具有最高表面疏水性，證實異構物導致的介面結構差異會影響材料表面潤濕性。此外，Au@ATP奈米結構在水相、稀鹽及氧化及酸性環境中皆有良好穩定性，並在T24細胞中維持80%以上細胞存活率與明顯細胞交互作用，展現其作為拉曼活性金–有機複合奈米材料之應用潛力。

    This study reports a gold ion-driven in situ synthesis strategy in which 2, 3, and 4-aminothiophenol (ATP) isomers were introduced during Au(III) reduction and gold nanoparticle growth. Through interfacial interactions between ATP and Au species, Au nanostructure formation was regulated while oxidative coupling and molecular restructuring of ATP-derived species were promoted. Compared with the conventional post-modification approach, the in situ synthesis enabled ATP to participate in interfacial reactions during Au growth and form form Au@ATP nanostructures with SERS signals. Distinct SERS signals were obtained under the 0.5 mM ATP condition. Au@2ATP0.5mM exhibited an approximately 13.6-fold signal enhancement compared with the post-modified Au–2ATP system, while Au@3ATP0.5mM and Au@4ATP0.5mM showed approximately 4.0- and 1.6-fold enhancements, respectively. These results indicate that the in situ synthesis generated ATP-derived interfacial species that were different from simple surface-adsorbed ATP.
    Based on spectral comparison, different ATP isomers may form interfacial structures with azo-like, arylamine-like, quinone imine-like, and oligomer-like characteristics, thereby regulating the SERS performance and surface properties of the materials. Among the samples, Au@4ATP0.5mM exhibited the highest AEF toward MG molecules (~3.49 x 103) and the highest surface hydrophobicity, indicating that the isomer-dependent interfacial structures influenced the surface wettability of the materials. In addition, the Au@ATP nanostructures showed good stability in aqueous, diluted salt, oxidative, and acidic environments. They also maintained over 80% cell viability in T24 cells with clear cell-associated accumulation, suggesting their potential as Raman active Au–organic composite nanomaterials.

    中文摘要 i Abstract ii 致謝 iii Contents iv Figure Contents vii Table Contents xiii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Raman Spectroscopy 1 1.1.1 Raman and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) 1 1.1.2 Electromagnetic enhancement (EM) 3 1.1.3 Chemical enhancement (CM) 5 1.2 SERS as a Tool for Probing Surface Molecular Reactions 7 1.2.1 Monitoring surface-bound molecules and molecular transformations 7 1.2.2 Surface-bound ATP/NTP for monitoring interfacial bond formation 9 1.2.3 Polymerization-like transformations at plasmonic interfaces 11 1.3 Positional Isomerism and Surface Behavior of aromatic molecules 12 1.3.1 Positional isomerism in aromatic molecules 12 1.3.2 Isomer-dependent adsorption behavior on metal surfaces 13 Chapter 2 Motivation 16 Chapter 3 Methods and Materials 18 3.1 Materials 18 3.2 Instruments 19 3.3 Methods 20 3.3.1 Synthesis of unmodified Au NPs 20 3.3.2 Synthesis of Au@TNA and Au plate 20 3.3.3 Synthesis of Au@ATP NPs 21 3.3.3 Post-modification of Au NPs with ATP isomers and aromatic molecules 22 3.3.4 Singlet oxygen detection 22 3.3.5 TMB–H2O2 (·OH) assay 23 3.3.6 SERS measurement 23 3.3.7 Stability test 23 3.3.8 Contant angle measurement 24 3.3.9 In vitro cell viability of Au-based NPs 24 3.3.10 Cellular uptake evaluation of Au-based NPs 25 Chapter 4 Results and Discussion 26 4.1 Formation and Characterization of Au@ATP nanostructures 26 4.1.1 Morphological and physicochemical analysis of unmodified Au and Au@ATP NPs 26 4.1.2 Structural and interfacial characterization of Au@ATP NPs 30 4.1.3 Temperature-dependent SERS response of Au@ATP NPs 36 4.1.4 Effect of 2ATP addition sequence and Au–2ATP pre-reaction time on Au@2ATP formation 37 4.2 Isomer-directed molecular restructuring of ATP at Au growth interfaces probed by SERS 41 4.2.1 Comparison of interfacial states between in situ Au@ATP NPs and post-modified Au–ATP NPs 41 4.2.2 Investigation of the oxidative origin of 2ATP restructuring during Au@2ATP formation 43 4.2.3 Proposed mechanism for ATP-derived interfacial restructuring on Au nanostructures 46 4.3 Electromagnetic enhancement contribution and SERS substrate performance of Au-based NPs 53 4.3.1 MG-probed evaluation of electromagnetic enhancement 53 4.3.2 Concentration-dependent SERS performance of Au@ATP NPs 55 4.4 ROS-related surface activity of Au-based NPs 58 4.5 Stability evaluation of Au-based NPs 60 4.6 Surface hydrophobicity of Au-based NPs 62 4.7 In vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake behavior of Au-based NPs in T24 cells 63 Chapter 5 Conclusion 69 Reference 71

    1. Lin, L.; Ye, J., Spontaneous Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering bioimaging. In Optical Imaging in Human Disease and Biological Research, Springer: 2021; pp 177-195.
    2. Ember, K. J.; Hoeve, M. A.; McAughtrie, S. L.; Bergholt, M. S.; Dwyer, B. J.; Stevens, M. M.; Faulds, K.; Forbes, S. J.; Campbell, C. J., Raman spectroscopy and regenerative medicine: a review. npj Regen. Med. 2017, 2 (1), 12.
    3. Deluca, M.; Hu, H.; Popov, M. N.; Spitaler, J.; Dieing, T., Advantages and developments of Raman spectroscopy for electroceramics. Commun. Mater. 2023, 4 (1), 78.
    4. Chang, X.; Vijay, S.; Zhao, Y.; Oliveira, N. J.; Chan, K.; Xu, B., Understanding the complementarities of surface-enhanced infrared and Raman spectroscopies in CO adsorption and electrochemical reduction. Nat. Commun. 2022, 13 (1), 2656.
    5. Guselnikova, O.; Trelin, A.; Kang, Y.; Postnikov, P.; Kobashi, M.; Suzuki, A.; Shrestha, L. K.; Henzie, J.; Yamauchi, Y., Pretreatment-free SERS sensing of microplastics using a self-attention-based neural network on hierarchically porous Ag foams. Nat. Commun. 2024, 15 (1), 4351.
    6. Langer, J.; Jimenez de Aberasturi, D.; Aizpurua, J.; Alvarez-Puebla, R. A.; Auguié, B.; Baumberg, J. J.; Bazan, G. C.; Bell, S. E.; Boisen, A.; Brolo, A. G., Present and future of surface-enhanced Raman scattering. ACS Nano 2019, 14 (1), 28-117.
    7. Zong, C.; Premasiri, R.; Lin, H.; Huang, Y.; Zhang, C.; Yang, C.; Ren, B.; Ziegler, L. D.; Cheng, J.-X., Plasmon-enhanced stimulated Raman scattering microscopy with single-molecule detection sensitivity. Nat. Commun. 2019, 10 (1), 5318.
    8. Zong, C.; Xu, M.; Xu, L.-J.; Wei, T.; Ma, X.; Zheng, X.-S.; Hu, R.; Ren, B., Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for bioanalysis: reliability and challenges. Chem. Rev. 2018, 118 (10), 4946-4980.
    9. Alonso-González, P.; Albella, P.; Schnell, M.; Chen, J.; Huth, F.; García-Etxarri, A.; Casanova, F.; Golmar, F.; Arzubiaga, L.; Hueso, L., Resolving the electromagnetic mechanism of surface-enhanced light scattering at single hot spots. Nat. Commun. 2012, 3 (1), 684.
    10. Franzen, S., Intrinsic limitations on the |E|4 dependence of the enhancement factor for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113 (15), 5912-5919.
    11. Liu, J.; Huang, X.; Zhang, X.; Feng, Y.; Yuan, Z.; Gao, S.; Li, Z.; El-Mesery, H. S.; Shi, J.; Zou, X., Sensing technology empowering food safety: research progress of SERS-assisted multimodal biosensing toward food hazard factors. Anal. Methods 2025, 17 (16), 3083-3110.
    12. Shvalya, V.; Filipič, G.; Zavašnik, J.; Abdulhalim, I.; Cvelbar, U., Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for chemical and biological sensing using nanoplasmonics: The relevance of interparticle spacing and surface morphology. Appl. Phys. Rev. 2020, 7 (3).
    13. Ding, S.-Y.; You, E.-M.; Tian, Z.-Q.; Moskovits, M., Electromagnetic theories of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2017, 46 (13), 4042-4076.
    14. Huang, Z.; Peng, J.; Xu, L.; Liu, P., Development and application of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Nanomaterials 2024, 14 (17), 1417.
    15. Gao, T.; Yachi, T.; Shi, X.; Sato, R.; Sato, C.; Yonamine, Y.; Kanie, K.; Misawa, H.; Ijiro, K.; Mitomo, H., Ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering platform for protein detection via active delivery to nanogaps as a hotspot. ACS Nano 2024, 18 (32), 21593-21606.
    16. Sultangaziyev, A.; Aliyev, D.; Seitkali, A.; Bukasov, R., SERS and SEF with enhancement in nanogaps: from fabrication to biosensing. Nanoscale Adv. 2026, 8 (8), 2512.
    17. Pietrobon, B.; McEachran, M.; Kitaev, V., Synthesis of size-controlled faceted pentagonal silver nanorods with tunable plasmonic properties and self-assembly of these nanorods. ACS Nano 2009, 3 (1), 21-26.
    18. Liu, K.-K.; Tadepalli, S.; Tian, L.; Singamaneni, S., Size-dependent surface enhanced Raman scattering activity of plasmonic nanorattles. Chem. Mater. 2015, 27 (15), 5261-5270.
    19. Benz, F.; Chikkaraddy, R.; Salmon, A.; Ohadi, H.; De Nijs, B.; Mertens, J.; Carnegie, C.; Bowman, R. W.; Baumberg, J. J., SERS of individual nanoparticles on a mirror: size does matter, but so does shape. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2016, 7 (12), 2264-2269.
    20. Hang, Y.; Wang, A.; Wu, N., Plasmonic silver and gold nanoparticles: shape-and structure-modulated plasmonic functionality for point-of-caring sensing, bio-imaging and medical therapy. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2024, 53 (6), 2932-2971.
    21. Lee, D.; Yoon, S., Effect of nanogap curvature on SERS: a finite-difference time-domain study. J. Phys. Chem. C 2016, 120 (37), 20642-20650.
    22. Chaudhry, I.; Hu, G.; Ye, H.; Jensen, L., Toward modeling the complexity of the chemical mechanism in SERS. ACS Nano 2024, 18 (32), 20835-20850.
    23. Cong, S.; Liu, X.; Jiang, Y.; Zhang, W.; Zhao, Z., Surface enhanced Raman scattering revealed by interfacial charge-transfer transitions. Innovation 2020, 1 (3).
    24. Tavakkoli Yaraki, M.; Rubio, N. S.; Tukova, A.; Liu, J.; Gu, Y.; Kou, L.; Wang, Y., Spectroscopic identification of charge transfer of thiolated molecules on gold nanoparticles via gold nanoclusters. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146 (9), 5916-5926.
    25. Cheng, T.; Li, C.; Ye, Z.; Ye, J.; Bell, S. E.; Xu, Y., Self-assembled monolayers for bio-analytical SERS applications: from single to mixed component SAMs. Mater. Horiz. 2026, 13 (8), 3800-3813.
    26. Boehmke Amoruso, A.; Boto, R. A.; Elliot, E.; de Nijs, B.; Esteban, R.; Földes, T.; Aguilar-Galindo, F.; Rosta, E.; Aizpurua, J.; Baumberg, J. J., Uncovering low-frequency vibrations in surface-enhanced Raman of organic molecules. Nat. Commun. 2024, 15 (1), 6733.
    27. Xu, P.; Kang, L.; Mack, N. H.; Schanze, K. S.; Han, X.; Wang, H.-L., Mechanistic understanding of surface plasmon assisted catalysis on a single particle: cyclic redox of 4-aminothiophenol. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3 (1), 2997.
    28. Cao, W.; Lu, Y.; Huang, Y.-F., An In-Situ Variable-Temperature Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Study of the Plasmon-Mediated Selective Oxidation of p-Aminothiophenol. Chin. J. Struct. Chem. 2022, 41 (10), 2210077-2210081.
    29. Zhang, Z.; Merk, V.; Hermanns, A.; Unger, W. E.; Kneipp, J., Role of metal cations in plasmon-catalyzed oxidation: a case study of p-aminothiophenol dimerization. ACS Catal. 2017, 7 (11), 7803-7809.
    30. Yao, X.; Ehtesabi, S.; Höppener, C.; Deckert-Gaudig, T.; Schneidewind, H.; Kupfer, S.; Gräfe, S.; Deckert, V., Mechanism of plasmon-induced catalysis of thiolates and the impact of reaction conditions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146 (5), 3031-3042.
    31. Kohila Rani, K.; Yang, Q.; Xiao, Y.-H.; Devasenathipathy, R.; Lu, Z.; Chen, X.; Jiang, L.; Li, Z.; Liu, Q.; Chen, H., Boosting the Plasmon-Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation of p-Aminothiophenol with p-Hydroxythiophenol as Molecular Cocatalyst. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2023, 15 (49), 57818-57827.
    32. Devasenathipathy, R.; Rani, K. K.; Liu, J.; Wu, D.-Y.; Tian, Z.-Q., Plasmon mediated photoelectrochemical transformations: The example of para-aminothiophenol. Electrochim. Acta 2021, 367, 137485.
    33. Sun, F.; Galvan, D. D.; Jain, P.; Yu, Q., Multi-functional, thiophenol-based surface chemistry for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Chem. Commun. 2017, 53 (33), 4550-4561.
    34. Qiao, X.; Su, B.; Liu, C.; Song, Q.; Luo, D.; Mo, G.; Wang, T., Selective Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering for Quantitative Detection of Lung Cancer Biomarkers in Superparticle@MOF Structure. Adv. Mater. 2018, 30 (5), 1702275.
    35. Hwang, S.; Lim, Y.; Kwon, S.; Yoon, S., Controlled high-yield assembly of gold nanoparticles via amide bond formation. Chem. Sci. 2026, 17 (9), 4562-4570.
    36. Bui, D. T.; Kubíčková, L.; Kuličková, J.; Bouř, P.; Kessler, J.; Řezanka, P.; Kaman, O., Gold nanoshells with magnetic cores and a urea-based receptor for SERS sensing of fluoride anions: experimental and computational study. Analyst 2023, 148 (20), 5070-5083.
    37. Villarreal, E.; Wang, H., Diazonium-Mediated Chemisorption and Polymerization of Aryl Ligands on Gold Nanoparticle Surfaces. ACS Nano 2025, 19 (31), 28755-28767.
    38. Badillo-Ramírez, I.; Saniger, J. M.; Popp, J.; Cialla-May, D., SERS characterization of dopamine and in situ dopamine polymerization on silver nanoparticles. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2021, 23 (21), 12158-12170.
    39. Taft, R. W., Jr., Linear Free Energy Relationships from Rates of Esterification and Hydrolysis of Aliphatic and Ortho-substituted Benzoate Esters. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74 (11), 2729-2732.
    40. Brown, H. C.; Okamoto, Y., Electrophilic Substituent Constants. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80 (18), 4979-4987.
    41. Schäfer, D.; Jose, J.; Xu, M.; Xie, W.; Grzeschik, R.; Schlücker, S., Reduction Kinetics of the Three Nitrothiophenol Isomers on Pt-Coated Gold Nanorods. J. Phys. Chem. C 2023, 127 (2), 1015-1022.
    42. Seong, S.; Kang, H.; Kim, H.; Son, Y. J.; Jang, J.; Maeda, S.; Chikami, S.; Hayashi, T.; Yoon, H. J.; Noh, J., Effects of the substituent position on the structural order, work function change, and thermopower of dichloro-substituted benzenethiolate self-assembled monolayers on Au(111). Appl. Surf. Sci. 2024, 643, 158661.
    43. Batz, V.; Schneeweiss, M. A.; Kramer, D.; Hagenström, H.; Kolb, D. M.; Mandler, D., Electrochemistry and structure of the isomers of aminothiophenol adsorbed on gold. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2000, 491 (1), 55-68.
    44. Hsu, C.-W.; Cheng, N.-C.; Liao, M.-Y.; Cheng, T.-Y.; Chiu, Y.-C., Development of folic acid-conjugated and methylene blue-adsorbed Au@ TNA nanoparticles for enhanced photodynamic therapy of bladder cancer cells. Nanomaterials 2020, 10 (7), 1351.
    45. Lee, J.; Ha, J. W., Elucidating the contribution of dipole resonance mode to polarization-dependent optical properties in single triangular gold nanoplates. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2018, 713, 121-124.
    46. Menard, L. D.; Gao, S.-P.; Xu, H.; Twesten, R. D.; Harper, A. S.; Song, Y.; Wang, G.; Douglas, A. D.; Yang, J. C.; Frenkel, A. I., Sub-nanometer Au monolayer-protected clusters exhibiting molecule-like electronic behavior: quantitative high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and electrochemical characterization of clusters with precise atomic stoichiometry. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110 (26), 12874-12883.
    47. Kim, J. S.; Chang, H.; Kang, S.; Cha, S.; Cho, H.; Kwak, S. J.; Park, N.; Kim, Y.; Kang, D.; Song, C. K., Critical roles of metal–ligand complexes in the controlled synthesis of various metal nanoclusters. Nat. Commun. 2023, 14 (1), 3201.
    48. Huang, X.; Ye, W.; Zhuang, J.; Hu, C.; Dong, H.; Lei, B.; Liu, Y., π-Conjugated structure enhances the UV absorption performance of carbon dots and application in the design of light-colored sunglasses. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 2024, 12 (28), 10399-10410.
    49. Dileseigres, A. S.; Prado, Y.; Pluchery, O., How to use localized surface plasmon for monitoring the adsorption of thiol molecules on gold nanoparticles? Nanomaterials 2022, 12 (2), 292.
    50. Chatterjee, H.; Ghosh, S. K., Cumulative effect of solvent and ligand dielectric around the nanoparticles: merging past century theories into a singular scaling equation. J. Phys. Chem. C 2017, 121 (40), 22310-22325.
    51. Nguyen, T. A.; Do, A. N. K.; Lo, T. N. H.; Park, I.; Vo, K. Q., Single-step controlled synthesis of flower-like gold nanoparticles stabilized by chitosan for sensitive detection of heparin using a surface-enhanced Raman scattering method. RSC Adv. 2022, 12 (54), 34831-34842.
    52. Chen, L.; Leong, G. J.; Schulze, M.; Dinh, H. N.; Pivovar, B.; Hu, J.; Qi, Z.; Fang, Y.; Prikhodko, S.; Pozuelo, M., Controlled synthesis of nanoscale icosahedral gold particles at room temperature. ChemCatChem 2012, 4 (10), 1662-1667.
    53. Chadha, R.; Das, A.; Debnath, A. K.; Kapoor, S.; Maiti, N., 2-thiazoline-2-thiol functionalized gold nanoparticles for detection of heavy metals, Hg (II) and Pb (II) and probing their competitive surface reactivity: A colorimetric, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) study. Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 2021, 615, 126279.
    54. Hepperle, P.; Herman, A.; Khanbabaee, B.; Baek, W. Y.; Nettelbeck, H.; Rabus, H., XPS examination of the chemical composition of PEGMUA‐coated gold nanoparticles. Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 2022, 39 (9), 2200070.
    55. Zhang, Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, B.; Si, R.; Han, B.; Hong, F.; Niu, Y.; Sun, L.; Li, L.; Qiao, B., Boosting the catalysis of gold by O2 activation at Au-SiO2 interface. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11 (1), 558.
    56. Kumar, S.; Soni, S.; Danowski, W.; van Beek, C. L.; Feringa, B. L.; Rudolf, P.; Chiechi, R. C., Correlating the influence of disulfides in monolayers across photoelectron spectroscopy wettability and tunneling charge-transport. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142 (35), 15075-15083.
    57. Tong, Y.; Berdiyorov, G.; Sinopoli, A.; Madjet, M.; Esaulov, V.; Hamoudi, H., An estimation on the mechanical stabilities of SAMs by low energy Ar+ cluster ion collision. Sci. Rep. 2021, 11 (1), 12772.
    58. Pantaine, L.; Humblot, V.; Coeffard, V.; Vallée, A., Sulfamide chemistry applied to the functionalization of self-assembled monolayers on gold surfaces. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13 (1), 648-658.
    59. Yang, X.; Pan, Q.; Ao, Y.; Du, J.; Dong, Z.; Zhai, M.; Zhao, L., Facile preparation of L-cysteine–modified cellulose microspheres as a low-cost adsorbent for selective and efficient adsorption of Au (III) from the aqueous solution. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2020, 27 (30), 38334-38343.
    60. Smolin, Y. Y.; Soroush, M.; Lau, K. K., Oxidative chemical vapor deposition of polyaniline thin films. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8 (1), 1266-1276.
    61. Sardar, R.; Shumaker-Parry, J. S., Spectroscopic and microscopic investigation of gold nanoparticle formation: ligand and temperature effects on rate and particle size. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133 (21), 8179-8190.
    62. Jeong, T.-I.; Kim, S.; Kim, S.; Shin, M.; Gliserin, A.; Kang, T. Y.; Kim, K.; Kim, S., Three-dimensional surface lattice plasmon resonance effect from plasmonic inclined nanostructures via one-step stencil lithography. Nanophotonics 2024, 13 (7), 1169-1180.
    63. Tiwari, N.; Yue Liu, M.; Kulkarni, S.; Fang, Y., Study of adsorption behavior of aminothiophenols on gold nanorods using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. J. Nanophotonics 2011, 5 (1), 053513-053513-14.
    64. Jiang, R.; Zhang, M.; Qian, S.-L.; Yan, F.; Pei, L.-Q.; Jin, S.; Zhao, L.-B.; Wu, D.-Y.; Tian, Z.-Q., Photoinduced surface catalytic coupling reactions of aminothiophenol derivatives investigated by SERS and DFT. J. Phys. Chem. C 2016, 120 (30), 16427-16436.
    65. Uetsuki, K.; Verma, P.; Yano, T.-a.; Saito, Y.; Ichimura, T.; Kawata, S., Experimental identification of chemical effects in surface enhanced Raman scattering of 4-aminothiophenol. J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114 (16), 7515-7520.
    66. Hayes, W. A.; Shannon, C., Electrochemistry of surface-confined mixed monolayers of 4-aminothiophenol and thiophenol on Au. Langmuir 1996, 12 (15), 3688-3694.
    67. Lukkari, J.; Kleemola, K.; Meretoja, M.; Ollonqvist, T.; Kankare, J., Electrochemical post-self-assembly transformation of 4-aminothiophenol monolayers on gold electrodes. Langmuir 1998, 14 (7), 1705-1715.
    68. Kopal, I.; Svecova, M.; Jerabek, V.; Palounek, D.; Capkova, T.; Michalcová, A.; Lapcak, L.; Matejka, P.; Dendisová, M., Laser-Induced Reactions of 4-Aminobenzenthiol Species Adsorbed on Ag, Au, and Cu Plasmonic Structures Followed by SERS Spectroscopy. The Role of Substrate and Excitation Energy–Surface-Complex Photochemistry and Plasmonic Catalysis. ACS Omega 2024, 9 (5), 6005-6017.
    69. Peng, H.-Y.; Xiao, Y.-H.; Yu, H.-H.; Wang, J.-Z.; Lin, J.-D.; Devasenathipathy, R.; Liu, J.; Zou, P.-H.; Zhang, M.; Zhou, J.-Z., Electrochemical and plasmonic photochemical oxidation processes of para-aminothiophenol on a nanostructured gold electrode. J. Phys. Chem. C 2021, 125 (45), 24849-24858.
    70. Sakthivel, R.; He, J.-H.; Chung, R.-J., Self-templating hydrothermal synthesis of carbon-confined double-shelled Ni/NiO hollow microspheres for diphenylamine detection in fruit samples. J. Hazard. Mater. 2022, 424, 127378.
    71. Kumar, G. S.; Tyagaraj, H. B.; Mohammadi, A.; Burse, S. R.; Lee, H. U.; Ranjith, K. S.; Huh, Y. S.; Han, Y.-K., Selective and sensitive Electrocatalytic behavior of hierarchical SnS decorated on La2Sn2O7 embedded carbon nanofibers for detection of antioxidant diphenylamine in fruits samples. Food Chem. 2025, 474, 143197.
    72. Lyu, Y.; Becerril, L. M.; Vanzan, M.; Corni, S.; Cattelan, M.; Granozzi, G.; Frasconi, M.; Rajak, P.; Banerjee, P.; Ciancio, R., The interaction of amines with gold nanoparticles. Adv. Mater. 2024, 36 (10), 2211624.
    73. Reguera, J.; Langer, J.; de Aberasturi, D. J.; Liz-Marzán, L. M., Anisotropic metal nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2020, 713-754.
    74. Scarabelli, L.; Coronado-Puchau, M.; Giner-Casares, J. J.; Langer, J.; Liz-Marzán, L. M., Monodisperse gold nanotriangles: size control, large-scale self-assembly, and performance in surface-enhanced Raman scattering. ACS Nano 2014, 8 (6), 5833-5842.
    75. Kumar, P.; Khosla, R.; Soni, M.; Deva, D.; Sharma, S. K., A highly sensitive, flexible SERS sensor for malachite green detection based on Ag decorated microstructured PDMS substrate fabricated from Taro leaf as template. Sens. Actuators B: Chem. 2017, 246, 477-486.
    76. Song, D.; Yang, R.; Wang, C.; Xiao, R.; Long, F., Reusable nanosilver-coated magnetic particles for ultrasensitive SERS-based detection of malachite green in water samples. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6 (1), 22870.
    77. Gao, L.; Liu, R.; Gao, F.; Wang, Y.; Jiang, X.; Gao, X., Plasmon-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species from near-infrared light excited gold nanocages for photodynamic therapy in vitro. ACS Nano 2014, 8 (7), 7260-7271.
    78. Mitiche, S.; Gueffrache, S.; Marguet, S.; Audibert, J.-F.; Pansu, R. B.; Palpant, B., Coating gold nanorods with silica prevents the generation of reactive oxygen species under laser light irradiation for safe biomedical applications. J. Mater. Chem. B 2022, 10 (4), 589-597.
    79. Singh, N.; Sen Gupta, R.; Bose, S., A comprehensive review on singlet oxygen generation in nanomaterials and conjugated polymers for photodynamic therapy in the treatment of cancer. Nanoscale 2024, 16 (7), 3243-3268.
    80. Tournebize, J.; Boudier, A.; Sapin-Minet, A.; Maincent, P.; Leroy, P.; Schneider, R. l., Role of gold nanoparticles capping density on stability and surface reactivity to design drug delivery platforms. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2012, 4 (11), 5790-5799.
    81. Ngernpimai, S.; Puangmali, T.; Kopwitthaya, A.; Tippayawat, P.; Chompoosor, A.; Teerasong, S., Enhanced stability of gold nanoparticles with thioalkylated carboxyl-terminated ligands for applications in biosensing. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2024, 7 (11), 13124-13133.
    82. Wang, H.; Yu, B.; Jiang, S.; Jiang, L.; Qian, L., UV/ozone-assisted tribochemistry-induced nanofabrication on Si (100) surfaces. RSC Adv. 2017, 7 (63), 39651-39656.
    83. Verding, P.; Mary Joy, R.; Reenaers, D.; Kumar, R. S. N.; Rouzbahani, R.; Jeunen, E.; Thomas, S.; Desta, D.; Boyen, H.-G.; Pobedinskas, P., The influence of UV–ozone, O2 plasma, and CF4 plasma treatment on the droplet-based deposition of diamond nanoparticles. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2023, 16 (1), 1719-1726.
    84. Song, Y.; Dunleavy, M.; Li, L., How to make plastic surfaces simultaneously hydrophilic/oleophobic? ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2023, 15 (25), 31092-31099.
    85. Sabourian, P.; Yazdani, G.; Ashraf, S. S.; Frounchi, M.; Mashayekhan, S.; Kiani, S.; Kakkar, A., Effect of Physico-Chemical Properties of Nanoparticles on Their Intracellular Uptake. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21 (21), 8019.
    86. Augustine, R.; Hasan, A.; Primavera, R.; Wilson, R. J.; Thakor, A. S.; Kevadiya, B. D., Cellular uptake and retention of nanoparticles: Insights on particle properties and interaction with cellular components. Mater. Today Commun. 2020, 25, 101692.

    QR CODE