結腸炎誘發之結腸直腸癌為大腸直腸癌的一種，大腸直腸癌為全球常見的惡性腫瘤之一，於癌症死因中排名第三。日益增加的研究顯示，慢性的發炎性腸道疾病，會大幅增加結腸直腸癌發生的風險。根據先前研究，紅棗具有抗發炎特性，然而紅棗對於由結腸炎所誘發之結腸直腸癌的保護作用，仍未被探討。因此，本研究目的為評估小鼠食用紅棗對於結腸炎誘發之結腸直腸癌的保護作用及其可能的機制。小鼠腹腔注射致基因突變試劑氧化偶氮甲烷後，以三循環方式給予含有2% (w/v) 葡聚糖硫酸鈉的飲用水，使其藉由長期的結腸發炎，進而形成結腸直腸癌，並給予含有5% 或10% (w/w)的紅棗飼料。研究結果顯示：結腸炎誘發之結腸直腸癌小鼠食用紅棗(1)能減緩腹瀉及血便，並降低結腸炎疾病活性指標及脾臟重量；(2)增加結腸直腸長度、體重；(3)減少免疫相關血球數量；(4)減少癌前病變及腫瘤形成；(5)減少黏液素1表現量；(6)抑制NF-κB/IL-6/JAK1/STAT3訊息傳遞路徑中蛋白質的活化；(7)能增加凋亡相關蛋白質Bcl-2 和 Bax表現量。綜合上述結果，食用紅棗能藉由干擾NF-κB/IL-6/JAK1/STAT3訊息傳遞路徑，以減緩發炎及結腸直腸腫瘤形成，達到保護效果。

Colitis- associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is a type of colorectal cancer (CRC). Globally, CRC is the third leading cause of cancer death. Mounting evidences suggest that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) were the risk factors for the development of CAC. It has been reported that Ziziphus jujuba (ZJ) has anti-inflammatory property. However, the effect of dietary ZJ in colitis-associated colorectal cancer is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the protective effect of dietary ZJ on colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis in mice. Mice were injected with azoxymethane (AOM) followed by three cycles of 2% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water to induce CAC. Simultaneously, fed with ZJ diet (5 % or 10 % w/w). ZJ (i) decreased fecal blood, diarrhea, spleen weight and disease activity index (DAI); (ii) increased colon length and body weight; (iii) decreased immune cell counts; (iv) attenuated precancerous lesions and number of tumors; (v) decreased MUC1; (vi) suppressed activation of NF-кB/IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway; (vii) increased expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in AOM/DSS-treated mice. In conclusion, dietary ZJ attenuated inflammation and tumorigenesis of colon by interfering NF-κB/IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby protecting against AOM/DSS-induced tumorigenesis in mice.

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