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研究生： 王俊翔
Wang, Chun-Hsiang
論文名稱： 顳顎關節盤之生物力學探討:三維有限元素分析
Biomechanical of Temporomandibular disc: Finite Element Analysis
指導教授： 張志涵
Chang, Chih-Han
共同指導教授: 劉保興
Liu, Pao-Hsing
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 生物醫學工程學系
Department of BioMedical Engineering
論文出版年： 2012
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 58
中文關鍵詞： 顳顎關節 、有限元素 、關節盤 、應力分佈
外文關鍵詞： Temporomandibular joint, Finite element, Disc, Stress distribution
相關次數： 點閱：102  下載：1 
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    • 顳顎關節（TMJ）是人體中最特殊的滑脫關節，他可以在承受附載下進行旋轉以及平移的運動。顳顎關節運動功能和關節盤退化疾病的已經被研究超過六十年。關節紊亂在臨床上也是常見的疾病，但造成原因目前還不清楚。在顳顎關節盤的破壞和退化中，應力過度集中和伴隨而來的生物力學失衡是一個重要的因素。此外，有關關節盤的文獻主要都集中在二維的描述，過去的文獻資料中缺乏了關節異常所造成的顳顎關節紊亂和關節盤退化以及關節盤的幾何形狀。因此，本研究的目的是構建一個正常運動的顳顎關節三維（3D）有限元素模型，其關節髁及關節盤可以正常旋轉及滑動，並探討由於關節盤的韌帶異常，肌肉張力不平衡或顳顎關節假體置換所造成的生物力學影響。顳顎關節三維有限元模型是根據CT影像和解剖學定義重建，包括上頜骨窩，整個下顎骨，關節盤，韌帶和肌肉。首先我們要進行開口的生物力學分析，然後再進一步分析單邊顳顎關置換手術對於正常邊關節盤的影響。因此，這個研究可以在關節盤的變形，位移和應力分佈上提供臨床治療和顳顎關節研究的參考。
    結果發現，顳顎關節盤正常的移動方式跟關節髁有很大的關係，關節髁旋轉及位移會造成關節盤不同的移動現象，關節髁旋轉時，關節盤的移動較小，關節髁滑動時，則會造成關節盤較大的移動。而應立集中的部分則與關節盤和骨頭接觸的部分相符合，關節盤變形較大的地方則是關節盤的上前方及下後方。

    Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the most special synovial joint corresponding with translation and rotation movements under jaw opening in the human body. Excessive stress concentration and the subsequent biomechanical imbalance on the disc are considered as important factors to cause destructive and degenerative changes of the TMJ. Furthermore, the literatures about the articular disk of the TMJ were mainly focused on two-dimensional investigations. Previous studies in mandibular disc motion in quantity were deficiency to compare with present a three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) TMJ model. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to construct a 3D FE TMJ model with normal movements function of rotation and translation in the condylar head and articular disk to understand biomechanical effects of the condyle and articular disc when mouth opening and closing. Furthermore, this study is also to investigate the effects of the normal disc by excessive anterior and posterior positioning of the abnormal disc. The 3D FE TMJ model was reconstructed from CT images, and 3D TMJ model consisted of fossa regions of maxilla, whole mandible, articular disk, ligaments and muscles. Basic TMJ biomechanics with jaw opening and closing will be examined in the FE simulation firstly, and then further to investigate the influences of normal disc by performing unilateral abnormal positioning of the disc. The FE results of this thesis can not only provide an important consequence for changes of shape deformation and stress distribution of the disc but represent the 3D TMJ moving of rotation and translation in the condyle and disc. The influences of the normal disc due to unilateral abnormal disc positioning was evidenced, the dorsal side of the disc under the excessive posterior positioning was detected a significant difference of lateral squeeze effect on the normal disc. In the future study, numerous limitations in this study will be improved for obtaining more accurate and reliable outcomes in the3D FE TMJ model.

    Abstract I 中文摘要 III 致謝 V Contents VI Figure contents IX Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Anatomy 1 1.2 TMJ Pathology 4 1.3 TMJ Kinematics 5 1.4 Literature Review 6 1.4.1 Clinical Therapy and Experimental Study 6 1.4.2 Finite Eelement Analysis 11 1.5 Motivation and Objectives 13 Chapter 2 Material & Methods 14 2.1 Research Procedures 14 2.2 Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model 16 2.2.1 Volume Reconstruction of TMJ 16 2.2.2 Alignment of Finite Element TMJ Model 18 2.3 Element Type and Material Properties 20 2.4 Loading Condition, Boundary Condition and Contact pairs Definition 22 2.5 FE investigation of TMJ disc in abnormal positions 26 Chapter 3 Result 27 3.1 Mouth opening model 27 3.1.1 Condyle deformation and displacement 27 3.1.2 Deformation and displacement of the disc 31 3.1.3 Stress and strain distribution of the disc 34 3.2 Ivestigation of the normal disc due to unilateral abnormal disc applied 42 3.2.1 Deformation and displacement of the disc 42 3.2.2 Stress distribution of the disc 43 Chapter4 Discussion 46 4.1 Verification with previous literatures 46 4.1.1 Literature review 46 4.2 Biomechanical effect of the disc 49 4.2.1 Mechanical investigating 49 4.2.2 Trajectory of the disc 49 4.3 Investigation of abnormal positioning of the disc 51 4.4 Limitation 54 Chapter 5 Conclusion 55 Reference 56

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