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研究生: 阮文善
Nguyen, Van-Thien
論文名稱: 利用模糊PID控制演算法及手勢控制實現四旋翼之控制
Control of Quadcopter using Fuzzy PID Algorithm and Hand Gestures
指導教授: 廖德祿
Liao, Teh-Lu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 工程科學系
Department of Engineering Science
論文出版年: 2018
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 63
中文關鍵詞: 動力系統四翼飛機無人機控制系統
外文關鍵詞: dynamic system, quadcopter, UAV, control system
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  • 近年來,四旋翼相關的研究越來越普及。有許多新穎的技術被應用到現實生活中,特別是在交通和軍事領域。如:監控,偵察,救援任務和預防環境的災害。本論文已經實現三個四旋翼控制架構,著重於設計和控制。在第一項目中,實現新的演算法模糊PID控制,從四旋翼建模到控制器設計。據調查,PID是業界最常見的控制演算法,擁有超過90%的市場佔有率;而此控制法則在參數調整上有許多不確定性,需要有經驗的工程師多番嘗試與調整,導致無法快速達到最佳化。本研究利用模糊PID控制法則改善了上述的缺點,使得四旋翼在飛行上更加穩定。在第二項目中,我們利用手掌的姿態來控制四旋翼的移動方向,取代手持遙控器。在最後的項目中,本研究使用單一的控制器來操控三台四旋翼,實現類似一對多的控制效果。
    為了設計上述的控制器,我們透過Simulink來模擬四旋翼的系統,並且在控制器STM32F103C8T6上進行程式編程。最後,本研究使用互補式的濾波器來降低傳感器,儀表,加速度計以及陀螺儀的雜訊。

    In recent years, the research and development of quadcopter are becoming more and more popular with many practical applications, especially in the transportation and military field. In this thesis, three projects about quadcopter are implemented to focus on the design and control. In the first project, a new Fuzzy PID control algorithm is built step by step, from modeling the control object to designing controller. According to the survey, PID is the most popular control algorithm with more than 90% of industrial controllers. To improve and develop the control quality of quadcopter, in this study, a Fuzzy PID algorithm is used and got the better control results. In the second project, Hand Gestures is also implemented to control quadcopter without Remote Control and through waves of the hand gestures, the quadcopter can follow to desired directions. The final project, three quadcopters are controlled together with using only one Remote Control.
    In order to design the controllers, Simulink Tool in MATLAB software is used to simulate the dynamic quadcopter system. The Fuzzy PID controller is more complicated than PID but brought the better control results. After simulation, a software and hardware integrated system is implemented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

    摘要 I Abstract II Acknowledgment IV Content V List of Figures VIII List of Tables XI CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Motivation 2 1.3 Thesis Organization 4 CHAPTER 2 MODELING THE QUADCOPTER SYSTEM 5 2.1 Quadcopter movement 5 2.2 Coordinate system 7 2.3 Euler angles 7 2.4 Dynamic modeling 9 CHAPTER 3 SIMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION 14 3.1 Control structure 14 3.2 The Fuzzy PID controller 18 3.2.1 The structure of controller 18 3.2.2 Fuzzy rules 19 3.3 Simulation results 23 3.4 Control system 24 3.4.1 Hardware components 26 3.4.1.1 Microcontroller 26 3.4.1.2 ESC 27 3.4.1.3 Motor system 27 3.4.1.4 Sensor MPU-6050 29 3.4.1.5 MS-5611 barometer 30 3.4.2 Sensor Fusion 32 3.5 The implementation and experience 36 3.5.1 Hardware architecture diagram 36 3.5.2 The implementation 37 3.6.3 Measured signals 40 3.6.3.1 Remote signals 40 3.6.3.2 Angular signals from MPU-6050 sensor 42 3.6.3.3 Attitude from MS5611 sensor 43 3.6.3.4 Flying in the air 45 CHAPTER 4 HAND GESTURES 46 4.1 Method and control blocks 46 4.1.1 Method 46 4.1.2 Control blocks 46 4.2 Hardware 47 4.3 Implementation 48 CHAPTER 5 CONTROL MANY QUADCOPTERS 51 5.1 The control methods 51 5.1.1 Discuss about two control methods 51 5.1.2 Testing transmission device 52 5.2 The data transmission 55 5.2.1 The converting circuit 55 5.2.2 Control signals in quadcopters 56 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 60 6.1 Conclusion 60 6.2 Future Work 60 REFERENCE 62

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    [18] “MS5611-01BA03 Barometric Pressure Sensor, with stainless steel cap”
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