本研究是利用一維、二維電泳技術來分析餵食半乳糖大白鼠眼球之變化。出生四週的雌性大白鼠餵食50﹪半乳糖混合飼料持續六週，每二週取出眼球作為研究，經二週的餵食，眼球皮質外圍從外觀可即看出呈絲狀的混濁，隨著餵食時間的增加，這絲狀的混濁延伸至核內，六週後，眼球已變成完全不透明。經由膠體過濾層析、一維、二維電泳分析可發現： i).出現一個新的蛋白質點t1，經鑑定其為轉譯後修飾的aA水晶體蛋白，二個隨餵食半乳糖時間增加而增加的aB蛋白質點a2、a3；還有截短（truncation）修飾後的a水晶體蛋白。 ii). 餵食四週後高分子量的水晶體蛋白聚集開始增加。iii).餵食時間的加長，bB1及二個修飾後的bB3、bB4水晶體蛋白隨之減少；而一個修飾後的bB2水晶體蛋白卻反而增加。 iv). 三個不同修飾型式的gS水晶體蛋白隨餵食半乳糖時間增加而消失，但其他同家族的g水晶體蛋白卻並未減少，這也說明了gS水晶體蛋白與其他g水晶體蛋白比較而言對環境的改變更為敏感。本研究顯示出餵食半乳糖可使水晶體蛋白發生變異修飾，導致非水溶性的沈澱，因而在短時間內造成大白鼠白內障的生成。

This study was to use one and two dimensional gel electrophoresis to investigate the changes of galactosemic rat lenses. Four weeks old female rats were fed with 50% galactose for six weeks. The rat lenses were taken every two weeks for study. It was found that after two-week feeding, the out skirt of cortex was observed silk-like turbidity. With the increase of feeding time, the silk-like turbidity enlarged toward nucleus. It was become totally opaque after five weeks. During the development of galactose-induced cataract gel filtration chromatographic, one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analyses revealed that i). A new protein spot (t1) was observed, which was identified being a post-translational modified αA-crystallin. Two modified spots of a2 and a3 of αB-crystallin were observed, which intensity increased with the increase of galactosemic time. Truncation of α-crystallin was also observed. ii). High molecular weight aggregate from galactosemic lenses increased for the first four weeks, then decreased as nuclear opalescence was found; iii). For β-crystallin, it was found that the spot intensity of βB1 and two modified βB3 and βA4 decreased with the increase of galactosemic time; while the spot intensity of modified βB2 increased with the increase of galactosemic time. iv). For γ-crystallin, three γS-crystallin spots were observed that their spot intensity was decreased with the increase of galactosemic time; while no other γ-crystallins showed decreasing intensity. These results indicates that compared to other types of γ-crystallins, γS-crystallins are more sensitive to environmental changes. This proteomic study has shown that galactosemic rats could be resulted in the formation of cataract in short time, which is caused by the modifications and truncations of crystallins, then leading to the precipitation.

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