土壤酸化（pH < 5.5）會限制植物對營養元素的吸收且加劇氧化壓力，去抑制作物生長與代謝。隨著續農業發展與水資源短缺永需求提升，適當處理後的畜牧廢水作為農田灌溉與土壤改良資源的潛力日益受到關注。畜牧廢水除了可提供作物所需的營養，同時具生物刺激劑作用，有助於促進植株的生長、減少化學肥料依賴、提升產量等，符合經濟循環與低碳農業的目標。本研究以玉米（maize）為材料，探討畜牧廢水（swine wastewater, SW）在中性（pH 6）與酸性（pH 4）環境下的影響。根據研究結果顯示，SW處理能夠顯著提升地上部與地下部鮮重、植株高度及側根發育，有效緩解酸害造成的生長抑制。光合色素方面，SW處理能恢復酸性逆境下顯著下降的葉綠素與類胡蘿蔔素濃度。在抗氧化指標結果指出，酸性逆境會誘導POD與CAT的活性上升，但添加SW可顯著抑制其過度活化並降低丙二醛（MDA）累積，顯示SW具有緩解氧化壓力的效果。並且在Evans blue染色結果分析顯示，SW可降低根部細胞膜損傷，具生理保護效果。元素分析顯示，SW能顯著促進Ca、K、Mg吸收（p ≤ 0.01）、抑制Na累積，並少量提升Fe吸收，Cu濃度則維持穩定。代謝體分析顯示，SW在中性環境下促進植物激素、生物鹼與苯丙烷、ABC轉蛋白與次級代謝表現等路徑；在酸性環境下則是胺基酸、核苷酸及次級代謝物相關途徑，顯示其於逆境中與胺基酸代謝重塑方面具調控潛力。整體而言，畜牧廢水不僅能改善酸性環境下玉米的生長表現與營養吸收，同時增強植株的抗氧化能力與代謝，展現作為營養補充資源與酸性土壤改良劑。

Soil acidification (pH < 5.5) impairs nutrient uptake and increases oxidative stress, limiting crop growth. Treated livestock swine wastewater (SW), rich in organic matter and nutrients, is gaining attention as a sustainable alternative for irrigation and soil improvement. This study investigated the effects of SW on maize (Zea mays) under neutral (pH 6) and acidic (pH 4) conditions. SW significantly improved shoot and root biomass, plant height, and lateral root development, and alleviated acid-induced growth suppression. SW restored chlorophyll and carotenoid levels under acid stress. Antioxidant enzyme activity (POD, CAT) and MDA content were lowered by SW, indicating reduced oxidative stress and Evans blue staining indicated reduced root cell membrane damage. SW enhanced Ca, K, and Mg uptake (p ≤ 0.01), decreased Na accumulation , and slightly increased Fe absorption. Metabolomics revealed enrichment of hormone biosynthesis, alkaloid, phenylpropanoid, secondary metabolism, and ABC transporter pathways under neutral pH, and enhancement of amino acid, nucleotide, and secondary metabolism under acidic conditions.In summary, SW promotes maize growth, improves nutrient uptake, reduces oxidative damage, and modulates metabolism, supporting its use as a biostimulant and soil amendment in acid-stressed environments.

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