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研究生: 李彥勳
Li, Yang-Siun
論文名稱: 永磁同步馬達驅動器之死區時間補償
Dead-Time Compensation for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drivers
指導教授: 何明字
Ho, Ming-Tzu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 工程科學系
Department of Engineering Science
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 107
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 123
中文關鍵詞: 死區時間補償 、永磁式同步馬達 、馬達驅動
外文關鍵詞: dead-time compensation, permanent magnet synchronous motors, motor drives
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  • 本論文主要在探討永磁式同步馬達驅動電路死區時間效應及其補償方法。論文中吾人建立了驅動電路死區時間的數學模型,並利用MATLAB進行死區時間數學模型之模擬,再透過實測結果來對照死區時間數學模型是否吻合,其結果顯示數學模型具有相當大的不確定性。此外吾人研究及實現了多種死區時間補償方法並計算各種補償方法之總諧波失真(total harmonic distortion, THD)以驗證其補償之成效。在實作上,本系統使用德州儀器公司(Texas Instruments, TI)所生產的數位信號處理器做為控制核心以實現馬達驅動電路之死區時間補償。藉由實作結果得知,在眾補償方法中,以d-q軸電流PI控制加入建表前饋補償有較佳的補償效果。

    This thesis studies methods of the dead-time compensation for permanent magnet synchronous motor drivers. In this thesis several dead-time compensation methods are implemented and tested on motor drivers. The total harmonic distortion is used to evaluate the compensation performance. In experiments, the compensation algorithms are implemented through a digital signal processor produced by the Texas Instruments. Furthermore, effectiveness of the dead-time compensation methods is verified through experiments. It is shown that PI control with feedforward compensation has better performance.

    摘要............................ Ⅰ Extended Abstract...................... Ⅱ 誌謝........................... Ⅶ 目錄.......................... Ⅷ 圖表目錄........................ ⅩⅠ 第一章 緒論 1-1研究背景....................... 1-1 1-2研究動機及目的..................... 1-1 1-3 研究步驟....................... 1-3 1-4 相關文獻回顧...................... 1-4 1-5 論文結構....................... 1-5 第二章 永磁式同步馬達數學模型建立 2-1前言........................... 2-1 2-2 d-q軸轉換....................... 2-1 2-3電壓-電流方程式...................... 2-6 2-4電流-轉矩方程式及轉矩-速度方程式.............. 2-12 2-5結語.......................... 2-14 第三章 馬達驅動原理 3-1 前言........................... 3-1 3-2 變頻驅動器驅動原理................... 3-1 3-3六步方波驅動........................ 3-2 3-4 弦波脈衝寬度調變(SPWM)................. 3-6 3-5 空間向量脈衝寬度調變(SVPWM)................ 3-9 第四章 馬達驅動電路之死區時間數學模型 4-1前言........................... 4-1 4-2馬達驅動電路功率晶體之上下臂死區時間現象.......... 4-1 4-3馬達驅動電路功率晶體死區時間物理模型建立.......... 4-7 4-4馬達驅動電路之死區時間模擬與實測............. 4-18 4-5波形扭曲檢測指標..................... 4-18 第五章 馬達死區補償方式及實驗結果 5-1前言........................... 5-1 5-2驅動器死區時間對馬達電壓與電流之影響.............. 5-1 5-3 死區時間補償方式.................... 5-4 5-3-1 d-q軸PI控制器與三相PI控制器............. 5-5 5-3-2 d-q軸PI控制加入死區時間偏壓補償............ 5-10 5-3-3 d-q軸PI控制加入死區時間建表前饋補償........... 5-14 5-4 總結......................... 5-19 第六章 數位控制器與三相馬達驅動相關電路 6-1前言........................... 6-1 6-2數位控制器核心晶片與模組................... 6-1 6-2-1 數位訊號處理器TMS320F28335.............. 6-1 6-2-2 正交編碼器(Quadrature encoder pulse, QEP)........... 6-2 6-2-3 脈衝寬度調變(Pulse width modulation, PWM)......... 6-3 6-2-4 通用型輸入輸出(General purpose I/O,GPIO)........... 6-4 6-3三相馬達驅動電路.................... 6-4 6-3-1 智慧型閘級驅動器(Smart gate driver)........... 6-5 6-3-2 金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體(MOSFET)........... 6-6 6-3-3 電流感測器.................... 6-6 6-3-4 DC 48 V三相馬達驅動模組總結.............. 6-7 6-4 IGBT驅動模組及相關電路................. 6-8 6-4-1 馬達變頻驅動模組................... 6-9 6-4-2 回授感測電模組.................... 6-10 6-3-3 數位I/O及PWM電壓準位隔離電路............. 6-11 6-3-4 電壓感測電路..................... 6-11 第七章 結論與未來展望 7-1結論........................... 7-1 7-2未來展望........................ 7-1 參考文獻......................... Ref-1

    [1] R. Krishnan, Permanent Magnet Synchronous and Brushless DC Motor Drives, Taylor & Francis Group, Virginia, 2010.

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    [3] J. W. Choi and S. K. Sul, “Inverter Output Voltage Synthesis Using Novel Dead Time Compensation,” IEEE Transections on Power Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 221-227, Mar. 1996.

    [4] G. Liu, D. Wang, Y. Jin, M. Wang, and P. Zhang, “Current-Detection-Independent Dead-Time Compensation Method Based on Terminal Voltage A/D Conversion for PWM VSI,” IEEE Transections on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 64, No. 10, pp. 7689-7699, Oct. 2017.

    [5] T. Mannen and H. Fujita, “Performance of Dead-Time Methods in Three-Phase Grid-Connection Converters,” Electrical Engineering in Japan, Vol. 198, No. 2, pp. 71-80, 2017.

    [6] 鍾沛剛,「數位信號處理器為基礎之永磁式同步電動機控制系統實現」,國立成功大學工程科學系碩士論文,民國九十一年七月。

    [7] 洪介仁,「車與桿倒單擺系統之平衡控制」,國立成功大學工程科學系碩士論文,民國九十二年七月。

    [8] 蕭景隆,「線性馬達驅動控制系統之設計與實現」,國立成功大學工程科學系碩士論文,民國一○三年一月。

    [9] 陳瑞文,「永磁式同步馬達之頓轉效應分析與補償」,國立成功大學工程科學系碩士論文,民國一○四年七月。

    [10] 劉昌煥, 交流電機控制, 2008。

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    [12] L. B. Brahim, “Repetitive Control Based PWM Inverter Dead-Time Compensation for AC Servo Drive,” Engineering Journal of the University of Qatar, Vol. 15, pp. 93-109, 2002.

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    [14] D. Leggate and R. J. Kerman, “Pulsc-Bascd Dead-Timc Compensator for PWM Voltage Inverters,” IEEE Transections on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 191-197, Apr. 1997.

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    [17] H. <http://www.google.com.tw/search?hl=zh-TW&tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Paul+M.+Anderson%22> Gurocak, Industrial Motion Control: Motor Selection, Drives, Controller Tuning, Applications, John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex, UK, 2016.

    [18] A. V. Oppenheim, A. S. Willsky and S. H. Nawab, Signal and Systems, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1997.

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