本論文藉由金屬有機骨架在發泡鎳上的成長與磷化以製備磷化鎳作為超級電容器之電極。首先，藉由發泡鎳的水熱處理在發泡鎳表面形成三維氫氧化鎳奈米薄片。然後，將其浸於含有鹽酸與均苯三甲酸(H3BTC)且溫度提高的溶液中，透過H3BTC與在鹽酸輔助下自氫氧化鎳釋出之鎳離子的反應，在發泡鎳表面可生長出類似花狀的金屬有機骨架Ni3(BTC)2。發現發泡鎳表面所得之[Ni3(BTC)2]@Ni(OH)2較Ni(OH)2有較高的比電容。其次，在管型爐中，以次磷酸鈉作為磷的來源，將發泡鎳表面的[Ni3(BTC)2]@Ni(OH)2磷化，形成磷化鎳(NixP)。結果顯示，磷化後電容可再進一步提升。在2M KOH電解液中，所得磷化鎳在電流密度2.5 A g-1下之比電容值為1689 F g-1。分別以磷化鎳、活性碳、與聚乙烯醇-氫氧化鉀凝膠作為正極、負極、與電解質，組成全固態非對稱型超級電容器。在電流密度1.5 A g-1下，展現101.1 F g-1的高比電容值，其能量密度與功率密度分別可達20.22 Wh kg-1與達3073 W kg-1，且經過10000次循環後，仍保有83%的電容值，顯示其良好的穩定性。此外，經充電後，它可點亮LED燈，證明其實際應用之可行性。

This thesis concerns the fabrication of the nickel phosphide as the supercapacitor electrode via the growth and phosphorization of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) on the nickel foam. Firstly, 3-dimensional nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) nanosheets was formed on the surface of nickel foam via the hydrothermal treatment of nickel foam. Then, by immersing into the solution of hydrochloric acid and trimesic acid (H3BTC) at an elevated temperature, the flower-like MOFs [Ni3(BTC)2] could grow on the nickel foam via the reaction between H3BTC and the nickel ions released from nickel hydroxide under the assistance of hydrochloric acid. It was found that the resulting [Ni3(BTC)2]@Ni(OH)2 on the nickel foam exhibited larger specific capacitance than Ni(OH)2. Secondly, the [Ni3(BTC)2]@Ni(OH)2 on the nickel foam was phosphorized to form the nickel phosphide (NixP) in a tube furnace using sodium hypophosphite monohydrate as the phosphorous source. It was shown that the capacitance could be further raised after phosphorization. In 2M KOH, the resulting nickel phosphide on the nickel foam exhibited a specific capacitance of 1689 F g-1 at the current density of 2.5 A g-1. Finally, the all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor was fabricated with nickel phosphide, active carbon, and polyvinyl alcohol-potassium hydroxide (PVA-KOH) gel as the positive electrode, negative electrode, and electrolyte, respectively. It exhibited a high specific capacitance of 101.1 F g-1 at the current density of 1.5 A g-1. Its energy density and power density were up to 20.22 Wh kg-1 and 3073 W kg-1, respectively. Also, 83% of capacitance could be retained after 10000 cycles, revealing its good stability. In addition, after charging, it could successfully turn on the light-emitting diode (LED) light, demonstrating its feasibility in practical application.

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