以藍菌(藍綠藻)為研究目標，因為其具有光合自營性、利用CO2作為唯一碳源，而能在光合作用下產生O2，有別於光合細菌會行光合作用卻產生CO2。性狀介於藻類與細菌之間，具有藻類所需營養單純、容易培養的優點(自營性)，也有細菌構造簡單(不具有細胞核、粒腺體與高基氏體等胞器)與操作方便的長處。
菌體內包含類囊體(thylakoid)具有葉綠素a、類胡蘿蔔素、藻藍素、藻紅素、異藻藍素，因這些輔助色素可以增加對光的能量的利用率。
實驗流程為藍菌菌種採樣、培養、分離、純化、觀察、鑑定及保存。利用碳纖維(carbon fiber)表面羧基化接枝奈米級聚苯胺，形成具有高導電性、高表面積及生物共生性的微生物電池電極材料。
藉由UV-Vis、FTIR與四點探針配合SEM、XRD，以探討聚苯胺顆粒大小、氧化還原情形、摻雜狀況、官能基吸收強度、表面微結構與導電性之關聯性，進而得到最佳導電性之合成聚苯胺比例並將其接枝於碳纖維表面完成電極之製作，並藉由SEM、Raman來探討聚苯胺附著碳纖維之情形，可以得知聚苯胺已經成功附著於碳纖維上。再以聚苯胺/碳纖維複合材料作為陽極(anode)，碳纖維作為陰極(cathode)，陽極電解液(anolyte)為培養之藍菌菌體與其培養基，而陰極電解液(catholyte)為含有0.1 M的鐵氰化鉀磷酸鹽緩衝溶液(pH = 7.4)，其中以Nafion 117作為質子交換膜組裝成光合作用/代謝微生物電池。在外部電阻100 Ω 試程中所得到最大電壓值為2.8 mV，電流密度為6.3 mA/cm2，功率密度為0.177 mW/m2。

The cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) is a goal in this research proposal, because it is a autotroph, not only utilizes carbon dioxide as an unique carbon source but also produces oxygen under the photosynthesis.
The cyanobacterium is different from that of phototrophic bacterium not producing oxygen under photosynthesis.
The characteristic of the cyanobacterium is between the alga and the bacterium. The necessity of the nutrition of alga is simple, and the culture and control of the alga is easy. The structure of the bacterium is simple. (not including cell nucleus, gland body and Golgi body etc.) Its operation is easy to control.
The auxiliary pigments increase the utilization of energy of light. The experiment procedures are sampling, culturing, separating, purifying, inspecting, determining the content of chlorophyll a, identifying and conserving. To use nano size of polyaniline modifying the carboxylation of carbon fiber surface, to form with a high electrical conductivity, a high surface area and a biocompatible electrode material of microorganism battery. Combined with four-point probe, SEM, XRD, UV-Vis and FTIR, one can obtain the relationship among the particle size of polyaniline, redox reaction, doping compound, absorbing intensity of functional group, surface microstructure and electrical conductivity. Then one obtains the optimal synthetical conditions of the polyaniline having the best electrical conductivity. Probed into the condition that aniline adsorbe the carbon fiber by SEM, Raman, can show that the aniline has already succeeded in adsorbing the carbon fiber. With polyaniline/carbon fiber composite as an anode, the carbon fiber as a cathode, anolyte containing cyanobacteria and medium, catholyte using 0.1 M of potassium ferricyanide at pH = 7.4 phosphate buffer, and Nafion 117 as a proton exchange membrane, one assembles into the photosynthesis/microbial biofuel cell. The developed direct photosynthetic/metabolic biofuel cell (DPMFC) succeeded in generating a peak current density of 6.3 mA cm-2 and the maximum voltage of 2.8 mV with a 100 Ω load, 0.177 mW m-2 of maximum power density.

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