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研究生： 李俊德
Li, Chun-Te
論文名稱： 基於混沌系統之JPEG2000編碼串流相容加密
Compliant Encryption of JPEG2000 Image Code-Streams Based on Chaotic System
指導教授： 陳進興
Chen, Chin-Hsing
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 電腦與通信工程研究所
Institute of Computer & Communication Engineering
論文出版年： 2008
畢業學年度： 96
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 82
中文關鍵詞： 相容加密 、JPEG2000 、混沌
外文關鍵詞： compliant encryption, JPEG2000, chaotic
相關次數： 點閱：62  下載：1 
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    • 隨著多媒體通訊的快速發展，影像跟視訊扮演一個極重要的角色，因為它們可以提供我們很富豐的資訊。因此，保護數位資訊對抗非法的拷貝跟散佈變得極度地重要。JPEG2000是最新的國際影像壓縮標準而且可以被運用在許多的應用上。近年來，許多JPEG2000加密系統的研究陸續被提出，其中F＆S加密系統不僅格式相容還能在計算上有效率。F＆S系統使用計數器模式AES產生金匙流。計數器模式AES雖然能提供高安全性，但它在速度上卻不是那麼有效率，因此我們代之以雙混沌假隨機位元產生器(CCS-PRBG)以加快處理速度。再者，我們在F＆S系統上增加迴授加密以增加其安全性。

    本論文提出的使用雙混沌假隨機位元產生器(CCS-PRBG)的迴授加密系統在金鑰空間上有些微的降低，但是它的安全性仍足夠抵抗目前所有已知的攻擊並仍具有相當大的金鑰空間。AES和我們提出的加密系統分別用來加密Lena, Baboon and Peppers這三張圖以比較其效能。在加密時間上，後者將前者分別由1.935159秒降到0.348148秒、1.942963秒降到0.350751秒、1.940321秒降到0.352586秒。換言之，速度效能的提升為五至六倍。另外，我們提出的系統有良好的統計特性、它通過FIPS 140-1的測試以及理想的線性複雜度。因此，我們提出的系統能降低加密時間但不會損失安全性。

    With the rapid growth of multimedia communication, images and videos play important roles because they can provide very rich information for us. Therefore, protection of digital information against illegal copying and distribution has become extremely important. JPEG2000 is the latest international still image compression standard and it can be used in many applications. Many researches about JPEG2000 encryption scheme have been proposed recently. Among them, the F&S encryption scheme is not only fully format compliant but also computationally efficient. The counter mode AES employed in the F&S system can provide high security but its speed performance is not efficient. Therefore, we replace it by the CCS-PRBG as the key generator to increase the processing speed. Further more, feedback encryption is built into F&S system to increase the security.

    Although the key space of our proposed encryption scheme by using the CCS-PRBG decrease a little, its security is good enough to resist all known attacks and its key space is still very large. The AES and the proposed scheme using CCS-PRBG were compared by testing them on three images: Lena, Baboon and Peppers. The encryption time of the later compared with that of the former decreases from 1.935159 (sec) to 0.348148 (sec), from 1.942963 (sec) to 0.350751 (sec), and from 1.940321 (sec) to 0.352586(sec), that is, the speed lift is between 5 to 6 times. Besides, the proposed scheme using the CCS-PRBG has good statistical properties, it passes FIPS 140-1 test, and has linear complexity profile. Therefore, our proposed scheme reduces the processing time for encryption but not sacrifice security.

    摘要 i Abstract iii 誌謝 v Contents vi Figure Captions viii Table Captions xi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Motivation 1 1.2 Background 2 1.3 Related Works 2 1.4 Thesis Organization 5 Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Cryptography 6 2.1 Definition of Cryptosystems 6 2.2 Classification of Cryptosystems 8 2.2.1 Symmetric-Key Cryptosystem 8 2.2.1.1 Block Cipher 8 2.2.1.2 Stream Cipher 9 2.2.2 Asymmetric-Key Cryptosystem 9 2.3 Operation Modes for Block Ciphers 10 2.3.1 Electronic Codebook Mode 10 2.3.2 Cipher Block Chaining Mode 12 2.3.3 Cipher Feedback Mode 13 2.3.4 Output Feedback Mode 14 2.3.5 Counter Mode 15 2.4 Basic Feature of Chaos 17 2.5 Chaos-Based Image Encryption 20 Chapter 3 Compliant Encryption for JPEG2000 24 3.1 Structure of JPEG2000 25 3.1.1 Pre-Processing 27 3.1.2 Discrete Wavelet Transform 29 3.1.3 Quantization 30 3.1.4 Tier-1 Coding 31 3.1.5 Tier-2 Coding 31 3.2 Classification of JPEG2000 Encryption 31 3.3 Compression Oriented Schemes 32 3.3.1 Wavelet-Based 32 3.3.2 Sensitivity-Based 33 3.3.3 MQ-Based 34 3.4 Code-Streams Oriented Schemes 35 3.4.1 Compliant-Based 35 Chapter 4 The Proposed Encryption Scheme for JPEG2000 40 4.1 Description of Our JPEG2000 Encryption Scheme 40 4.2 Description of Our JPEG2000 Decryption Scheme 44 4.3 Description of Chaotic Key Stream 46 Chapter 5 Experimental Results and Discussion 51 5.1 Experimental Result 51 5.1.1 Visual Test 56 5.2 Statistical Test of CCS-PRBG 57 5.2.1 Cycle Length 57 5.2.2 Statistical Properties 59 5.2.3 FIPS 140-1 61 5.2.4 Linear Complexity 64 5.3 The Key Management 65 5.3.1 Key Definition 65 5.3.2 The Key Space 66 5.3.3 Key Sensitivity Test 66 5.4 Security Analysis 76 5.4.1 Ciphertext-Only Attack 77 5.4.2 Known-Plaintext Attack and Chosen-Plaintext Attack 77 Chapter 6 Conclusion and Future Work 78 References 79

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