鐵氧磁體MFe2O4為具化學穩定性之尖晶石結構鐵氧化物，由於鐵氧磁體中同時含有Fe3+ 與 M2+ 離子，使其具有催化H2O2產生氫氧自由基以氧化有機污染物之Fenton-like反應潛勢。本研究探討以電鍍污泥燒成多孔性鐵氧磁體作為透水性催化牆之可行性，研究首先將銅、鎳、鋅與錳等金屬氧化物分別與氧化鐵於不同生料配比、燒結溫度下燒成鐵氧磁體，並測試其進行之Fenton-like反應對苯之去除效率，歸納適合用於Fenton-like反應之鐵氧磁體種類與燒結條件。接續採用上述最適實驗條件以低碳鐵礦泥調質後電鍍污泥添加PVA與高嶺土製備多孔性鐵氧磁體，並用於管柱實驗進行對苯降解之研究。
研究結果顯示Fe3+/M2+ = 2莫耳比、燒結溫度為1000℃所合成之鐵氧磁體，於Fenton-like反應中對苯之去除效果以NiFe2O4最好，其餘依序為ZnFe2O4 > CuFe2O4 > MnFe2O4 > Fe3O4。在管柱實驗中苯/H2O2重量比1/32與330 sec之水力停留時間為操作條件時，NiFe2O4觸媒對苯有顯著之降解效果，可達94.98%。此外經調質之電鍍污泥所燒成之多孔性鐵氧磁體，其降解苯之效率與純物質合成NiFe2O4之處理效率相似，而且高溫鐵氧磁體化過程對電鍍污泥中重金屬亦達穩定化效果，其TCLP試驗Ni之溶出濃度由286 mg/L降為11.7 mg/L。此外，於Fenton-like反應中Ni亦幾乎不溶出。
綜合研究結果，經低碳鐵礦泥調質之電鍍污泥所製成之多孔性鐵氧磁體，其Fenton-like觸媒效果佳且穩定性良好，具有作為透水性催化牆材料之潛力，為一環境友善之再生催化材料。

Ferrite (MFe2O4) is spinel structured iron oxide with high chemical stability. With the presence of Fe3+ and M2+ ions in MFe2O4, it will be regarded as potential catalytic material in generation Fenton-like reaction. During Fenton-like reaction, ferrite will catalyze H2O2 decomposition, forming hydroxyl free radicals with high oxidation capacity towards organic pollutants. In this study, feasibility of porous ferrite synthesis from electroplating sludge (EPS) for permeable catalytic barriers (PCBs) was evaluated.
Investigation of ferrite synthesis using CuO, ZnO, NiO, MnCO3 and Fe2O3 under different Fe/M molar ratio and sintering temperature was carried out. Selections of appropriate type of ferrite with respect to sintering conditions were derived from Fenton-like degradation of benzene using ferrite as catalyst. Porous ferrite synthesized from EPS with BF, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and kaolinite addition with appropriate sintering conditions was utilized in column tests for studies on benzene degradation in accordance with experimental conditions summarized.
Results from this research showed NiFe2O4 sintered with Fe3+/M2+ = 2 molar ratio at 1000℃ sintering temperature had highest removal efficiency on Fenton-like benzene degradation. The order of different types of ferrite on benzene degradation was: ZnFe2O4 > CuFe2O4 > MnFe2O4 > Fe3O4. In column tests, significant removal of benzene was observed when reaction parameters were controlled at benzene/H2O2 (w/w) ratio of 1/32 with hydraulic retention time of 330 sec. At relative liquid volume of 120, 94.98% of benzene was degraded using porous NiFe2O4 under such reaction conditions. Porous ferrite sintered from EPS with BF alterations showed similar removal efficiency of benzene compared with NiFe2O4 sintered with chemicals. High temperature ferritization was able to stabilized heavy metals in EPS. From the results of TCLP, leaching concentration of Ni decreased from 286 mg/L to 11.7 mg/L. Moreover, no heavy metals were leached from sintered EPS during Fenton-like reaction.
According to above observations, porous ferrite synthesized from EPS with BF alterations was favourable catalyst with high chemical stability in generating Fenton-like reaction. It was regarded as potential catalytic material used in PCBs with environmental friendly characteristics.

Ahmed M. A., Alonso L., Palacios J. M., Cilleruelo C. and Abanades J. C., Structural changes in zinc ferrites as regenerable sorbents for hot coal gas desulfurization, Solid State Ionics, 138, 51-62, 2000.

Alam M. I., Rao S. D., Ramachandran R., Nair N. R. and Ramamurti T. V., Studies on micro-structure of manganese zinc ferrous ferrite in relation to its impurities and firing conditions, Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Science, 82A, (3), 88-91, 1975.

Albuquerque A. S., Ardisson J. D., Macedo W. A. A., López J. L., Paniago R. and Persiano A. I. C., Sturcture and magnetic properties of nanostructured Ni-ferrite, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 226-230, 1379-1381, 2001.

Anggono J., Mullite ceramics: its properties, structure and synthesis, Jurnal Teknik Mesin, 7, (1), 1-10, 2005.

Armesto L., Bahillo A., Veijonen K., Cabanillas A. and Otero J., Combustion behavior of rice husk in a bubbling fluidised bed, Biomass and Bioenergy, 23, 171-179, 2002.

Auzans E., Zins D., Blums E. and Massart R., Synthesis and properties of Mn-Zn ferrite ferrofluids, Journal of Materials Science, 34, 1253-1260, 1999.

Brindley G. W. and Roinson K., Structure of Kaolinite, Nature, 156, 661-662, 1945.

Brinker C. J. and Scherer G. W., Sol-gel science: the physics and chemistry of sol-gel processing, Academic Press Inc., New York, 1990.

Brown R. A., Roinson D., Skladany G. and Loeper J., Response to naturally occurring organic material: Permanganate versus persulfate, Proceeding of Consoil, 8th International FZK/TNO Conference on Contaminated Soil, 1692-1698, 2003.

Campbell S. J., Kaczmarek W. A. and Wang G. M., Mechanochemical transformation of hematite to magnetite, Nanostructured Materials, 6, (5-8), 735-738, 1995.

Cao J., Rusina O. and Sieber H., Processing of porous TiO2-ceramics from biological performs, Ceramics International, 30, 1971-1974, 2004.

Centi G. and Perathorner S., Remediation of water contamination using catalytic technologies, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, .41, 15-29, 2003.

Chen W. C., A study on the treatment of heavy metal ions by ferrite process, Master thesis on Department of minerals metallurgy and materials science, National Cheng Kung University, 1992.

Chen N. S., Yang X. J., Liu E. S. and Huang J. L., Reducing gas-sensing properties of ferrite compounds MFe2O4 (M=Cu, Zn, Cd and Mg), Sensors and Acutators B: Chemical, .66, (1-3), 178-180, 2000.

Chen W. Y., The production of hydroxyl radicals during Fenton-like reaction, Master thesis on Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 2001.

Chen H. T., Huang S. L., Huang Y. H., Chang J. E. and Tsai M. S., Feasibility study of permeable catalytic barriers for BTEX treatment in groundwater, Proceedings of The 9th International Symposium on East Asian Resources Recycling Technology, 2009.

Chen T. H., Study on preparation of porous SiC ceramics, Master thesis on Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 2007.

Chen S. S., Hsu B. C. and Hung L. W., Chromate reduction by waste iron from electroplating wastewater using plug flow reactor, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 152, 1092-1097, 2008.

Chen H. T., Huang S. L., Huang Y. H., Chang J. E., Tsai M. S., Han C. C. and Chiu C. C., Manufacture and verification of Mn-series permeable catalytic barriers in groundwater/BTEX treatment, Proceedings of The 10th International Symposium on East Asian Resources Recycling Technology, 2009.

Choi Y., Choi N. I., Kim H. C. and Hahn Y. D., Magnetic properties of Ni-Zn ferrite powders formed by self-propagating high temperature synthesis reaction, Journal of Materials Science, 11, (1), 25-30, 2000.

Chou Y. C., Influence of sintering condition on ferrite process of blast furnace slurry, Master thesis on Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 2006.

Chou W. C., Stabilization of heavy metal containing sludge by high temperature ferrite process, Master thesis on Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 2007.

Connolly R. J., Introduction quantitative X-ray diffraction methods, EPS400-001, Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, The University of New Mexico, 2010.

Cornell R. M. and Schwertmann U., The Iron Oxide: Sturcture, Properties, Reactions, Occurrences and Uses, Wiley-Vch GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 2003.

Costa R. C. C., Lelis M. F. F., Oliveira L. C. A., Fabris J. D., Ardisson J. D., Rios R. R. V. A., Silva C. N. and Lago R. M., Novel active heterogeneous Fenton system based on Fe3-xMxO4 (Fe, Co, Mn, Ni): The role of M2+ species on the reactivity towards H2O2 reaction, Journal of Hazardous Materials, B129, 171-178, 2006.

Crittenden J. C., Berrigan J. K., Hand D. W. and Lykins B., Design of rapid fixed-bed adsorption tests for nonconstant diffusivities, Journal of Environmental Engineering, 113, 243-259, 1987.

Cullity B. D., Elements of X-ray diffraction, Addison-wesley Publishing Company, Inc., London, 1956.

Cullity B. D., Introduction to Magnetic Materials, Addison-wesley Publishing Company, Inc., London, 1972.

Dükkancı M., Gündüz G., Yılmaz S. and Prihoďko R. V., Heterogeneous Fenton-like degradation of Rhodamine 6G in water using CuFeZSM-5 zeolite catalyst prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Article in press, HAZMAT-11640, 2010.

Ecsedi Z., Lazău I. and Păcurariu C., Microstructural analysis of the effects of polyvinyl alcohol content on the porosity of sol-gel derived alumina ceramics, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 118, 453-457, 2009.

Faungnawakij K., Kikuchi R., Fukunaga T. and Eguchi K., Catalytic hydrogen production from dimethyl ether over CuFe2O4 spinel-based composites: Hydrogen reduction and metal dopant effects, Catalysis Today, 138, 157-161, 2008.

Fenton H. J. H., Oxidation of tartaric acid in presence of iron, Journal of Chemical Society, 65, 889-910, 1894.

Fukumasa O. and Fujiwara T., Rapid synthesis of ferrite particles from powder mixtures using thermal plasma processing, Thin Solid Films, 435, 33-38, 2003.

Gritsan D. N., Serpukhova L. N., Zhirov G. A., Leikina R. Sh., Kruzina N. G., Buravlev A. T., Efremova M. M., Tyutina V. K. and Shilova S. F., Electrolytic method of preparation of powder for ferrite manufacture, Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 3, (6), 470-475, 2010.

Gul I. H., Ahmed W. and Maqsood A., Electrical and magnetic characterization of nanocrystalline Ni-Zn ferrite synthesis by co-precipitation route, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 320, 270-275, 2008.

Haber F. and Weiss J., The catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by iron salts, Proceeding of the Royal Society, 147, 332–351, 1934.

Hu J., Lo M. C. and Chen G. H., Comparative study of various magnetic nanoparticles for Cr(Ⅵ) removal, Separation and Purification Technology, 56, 249-256, 2007.

Huang C. H., Manufacturing and physical properties of spheric media with high water holding capacity, Master thesis on Department of Civil Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 2006.

Huang C. P. and Huang Y. H., Application of an active immobilized iron oxide with catalytic H2O2 for the mineralization of phenol in a batch photo-fluidized bed reactor, Applied Catalysis A: General, 357, 135-141, 2009.

Hung H. W., Remediation of MTBE-contaminated groundwater using adsorbent-based permeable reactive barriers, Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy on Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 2005.

Innes R. A. and Rennard R. J., Dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene using SO2 and ferrite catalysts in the form of spinels or perovskites, United States Patent, 3,644,549, 1972.

Ishizaki K., Komarneni S. and Nanko M., Porous materials: Process technology and applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 1998.

Janghorban K. and Shokrollahi H., Influence of V2O5 addition on the grain growth and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn high permeability ferrites, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 308, 238-242, 2007.

Tsuji T., Takada T., Kiyama M. and Sugano I., Invention of ferrite formation for removing toxic metals in drain water, Denshi Zairyo, 12, (9), 70-73, 1973.

Kaneko K. and Katsura T., The formation of Mg-bearing ferrite by the air oxidation of aqueous suspensions, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 52, (6), 747-752, 1979.

Kim C. S., Kim W. C., An S. Y. and Lee S. W., Structure and Mössbauer studies of Cu-doped Ni-Zn ferrite, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 215-216, 213-216, 2000.

Klug H. P. and Alexander L. E., X-ray diffraction procedures: for polycrystalline and amorphous materials, John Wiley & Sons Inc., United States, 1974.

Kodama T., Sano T., Yoshida T., Tsuji M. and Tamaura Y., CO2 decomposition to carbon with ferrite derived metallic phase at 300℃, Carbon, 33, (10), 1443-1447, 1995.

Kodama T., Watanabe Y., Miura S., Sato M. and Kitayama Y., Reactive and selective redox system of Ni(Ⅱ)-ferrite for a two-step CO and H2 production cycle from carbon and water, Energy, 21, (12), 1147-1156, 1996.

Kong S. H., Watts R. J. and Choi J. H., Treatment of petroleum-contaminated soils using iron mineral catalyzed hydrogen peroxide, Chemosphere, 37, (8), 1473-1482, 1998.

Lan Q., Li F., Liu C. and Li X. Z., Heterogeneous photodegradtion of pentachlorophenol with maghemite and oxalate under UV illumination, Environmental Science & Technology, 42, 7918-7923, 2008.

Li D., Herricks T. and Xia Y., Magnetic nanofibers of nickel ferrite prepared by electrospinning, Applied Physics Letters, 83, (22), 4586-4588, 2003.

Li Y., Zhao J., Huan J. and He X., Combustion synthesis and characterization of NiCuZn ferrite powders, Materials Research Bulletin, 40, 981-989, 2005.

Lin S. S. and Gurol M. D., Catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide on iron oxide: kinetics, mechanism and implications, Environmental Science & Technology, 32, 1417-1423, 1998.

Liu A. H., Salabas E. L. and Schüth F., Magnetic nanoparticles: Synthesis, protection, functionalization and application, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 46, 1222-1244, 2007.

Lorentzou S., Karadimitra K., Agrafiotis C. and Konstandopoulos A. G., New routes for ferrite powders synthesis, PARTEC, International Conference for Particle Technology, Nuremberg, Germany, 2004.

Lyckfeldt O. and Ferreira J. M. F., Processing of porous ceramics by starch consolidation, Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 18, 131-140, 1998.

Ma N., Yue Y., Hua W. and Gao Z., Selective oxidation of styrene over nanosized spinel-type MgxFe3-xO4 complex oxide catalysts, Applied Catalysis A: General, 251, 39-47, 2003.

Mangalaraja R. V., Anathakumar S., Manohar P. and Gnanam F. D., Magnetic, electrical and dielectric behaviour of Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 prepared through flash combustion technique, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 253, 56-64, 2002.

McCurrie R. A., Ferromagnetic Materials: structure and properties, Academic Press Inc., New York, 1994.

Mohai I., Szépvölgyi J., Bertóti I., Mohai M., Gubicza J. and Ungár T., Thermal plasma synthesis of zinc ferrite nanopowders, Solid State Ionics, 141-142, 163-168, 2001.

Musat V., Potecasu O., Belea R. and Alexandru P., Magnetic materials from co-precipitated ferrite nanoparticles, Materials Science and Engineering B, 167, 85-90, 2010.

Nakamura T., Okano Y. and Miura S., Interfacial diffusion between Ni-Zn-Cu ferrite and Ag during sintering, Journal of Matierals Science, 33, 1091-1094, 1998.

Nanoti V. M. and Kulkarni D. K., Structural, electrical and magnetic study of the Zn0.5Ni0.5FexCr2-xO4 system, Journal of Materials Science Letters, 15, 636-638, 1996.

Nojiri N., Tanaka N., Sato K. and Sakai Y., Electrolytic ferrite formation system for heavy metal removal, Journal(Water Pollution Control Federation), 52, (7), 1898-1906, 1980.

Okamoto S., Utility of magnetic scavengers for waste water treatment, Ceramics, 11, (3), 234-241, 1976.

Omine K., Ochiai H. and Yasufuku N., A fundamental study on the remediation of contaminated soil with heavy metals based on electrokinetic and magnetic properties, Soft soil engineering – Chan & Law (eds), Taylor & Francis Group, London, 2007.

Ormsby M., Analysis of laminated documents using solid-phase microextraction, Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 44, (1), 13-26, 2005.

Parsons J. G., Lopez M. L., Peralta-Videa J. R. and Gardea-Torresdey J. L., Determination of arsenic(Ⅲ) and arsenic(Ⅴ) binding to microwave assisted hydrothermal synthetically prepared Fe3O4, Mn3O4 and MnFe2O4 nanoadsorbents, Microchemical Journal, 91, 100-106, 2009.

Peng X., Luan Z. and Zhang H., Montmorillonite-Cu(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ) oxides magnetic material as adsorbent for removal of humic acid and its thermal regeneration, Chemosphere, 63, 300-306, 2006.

Qu J. H., Research progress of novel adsorption processed in water purification: A review, Journal of Environmental Sciences, 20, 1-13, 2008.

Rahaman M. N. and De Jonghe L. C., Reaction sintering of zinc ferrite during constant rates of heating, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 76, (7), 1739-1744, 1993.

Rezlescu R., Doroftei C., Rezlescu E. and Popa P. D., Lithium ferrite for gas sensing applications, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 133, 420-425, 2008.

Sanz J., Madani A., Serratosa J. M., Moya J. S. and Aza S., Aluminum-27 and Silicon-29 magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance study of the kaolinite-mullite transformation, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 71, C418-C421, 1988.

Saxena N. K., Kumar N. and Pourush P. K. S., Study of LiTiMg-ferrite radome for the application satellite communication, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 322, (18), 2641-2646, 2010.

Scott R. P. W., Chromatographic detectors: design, function, and operation, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1996.

Seo S. H. and Oh J. H., Effect of MoO3 addition on sintering behaviors and magnetic properties of NiCuZn ferrite for multilayer chip inductor, IEEE Transactions on magnetics, 35, (5), 3412-3414, 1999.

Sieber H., Rambo C., Cao J., Vogli E. and Greil P., Manufacturing of porous oxide ceramics by replication of plant morphologies, Key Engineering Materials, 206-213, 2009-2012, 2002.

Strlič M., Kolar J., Šelih V. S., Kočar D. and Pihlar B., A comparative study of several transition metals in Fenton-like reaction systems at circum-neutral pH, Acta Chimica Slovenica, 50, 619-632, 2003.

Stumm W. (Ed.), Aquatic surface chemistry, John Wiley & Sons Inc., United States, 1987.

Takada T., Removal of heavy metal ions from waste water by ferritization, Journal of Environmental Pollution Control, 13, (1), 37-41, 1977.

Tamaura Y., Katsura T., Rojarayanont S., Yoshida T. and Abe H., Ferrite process. Heavy metal ions treatment system, Water Science & Technology, 23, (10-12), 1893-1900

Toolenaar F. J. C. M. and Van Lierop-Verhees M. T. J., 1989. Reactive sintering of manganese ferrite, Journal of Materials Science, 24, 402-408, 1991.

Tsai T. T., Kao C. M. and Hong A., Treatment of tetrachloroethylene-contaminated groundwater by surfactant-enhanced persulfate/BOF slag oxidation-A laboratory feasibility study, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 171, 571-576, 2009.

Tsuji M., Kodama T., Yoshida T., Kitayama Y. and Tamaura Y., Preparation and CO2 methanation activity of an ultrafine Ni(Ⅱ) ferrite catalyst, Journal of Catalysis, 164, 315-321, 1996.

Valdés-Solís T., Valle-Vigón P., Álvarez S., Marbán G. and Fuertes A. B., Manganese ferrite nanoparticles synthesized through a nanocasting route as a highly active Fenton catalyst, Catalysis Communications, 8, 2037-2042, 2007.

Vas G. and Vékey K., Solid-phase microextration: a powerful sample preparation tool prior to mass spectrometric analysis, Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 39, 233-254, 2004.

Wang C. M., Ceramic technology (ll), The Powder Metallurgy Association of The Republic of China, Taipei, Taiwan, 1999.

Wang Y. K., Effect of basic oxygen furnace slag on porous asphalt concrete, Master thesis on Department of Civil Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 2008.

Watts R. J., Udell M. D. and Rauch P. A., Treatment of Pentachlorophenol contaminated soil using Fenton’s reagent, Hazardous Waste & Hazardous Materials, 7, (4), 335-345, 1990.

Westerhoff P., Highfield D., Badruzzaman M. and Yoon Y., Rapid small-scale column tests for Arsenate removal in iron oxide packed bed columns, Journal of environmental engineering, 131, (2), 262-271, 2005.

Wu R. and Qu J. H., Removal of water-soluble azo dye by the magnetic material MnFe2O4, Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 80, 20-27, 2005.

Wu C. W., Micro porous SiC ceramics (MPC) prepared with kaolinite additives, Master thesis on Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 2007.

Wu Y. H., The effects of heavy metal on the production of belite-rich cement using inorganic waters, Master thesis on Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 2009.

Yamamoto H., Uchida K., Kaneko T. and Kami Y., Noise filter using a transmission line formed in lossy ferrite medium, Electronics and Communications in Japan, Part 1, 87, (10), 1-9, 2004.

Yanagisawa A., Noguchi H. and Nakagawa T., Investigation of the characteristics of the mold and its application to the vacuum forming of plastic sheet, 精密工学会誌, 53, (1), 91-97, 1987.

Yang S. Y., Effect of PVA on sintering of Mn-Zn ferrite powder and characteristics of sintered bodies, Master thesis on Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 2000.

Yeh C. L., Adsorption characteristics of acid dyes onto magnetic iron nanoparticles, Master thesis on Department of Civil and Ecological Engineering, I Shou University, 2007.

Yeh K. J., Hsu C. Y., Chiu C. H. and Huang K. L., Reaction efficiencies and rate constants for the goethite-catalyzed Fenton-like reaction of NAPL-form aromatic hydrocarbons and chloroethylenes, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 151, 562-569, 2008.

Zhang Z. J., Wang Z. L., Chakoumakos B. C. and Yin J. S., Temperature dependence of cation distribution and oxidation state in magnetic Mn-Fe ferrite nanocrystals, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 120, 1800-1804, 1998.

Zhang L., Su M. and Guo X., Studies on the treatment of brilliant green solution of combination microwave induced oxidation with CoFe2O4, Separation and Purification Technology, 62, 458-463, 2008.

Zhang Y. Y., Deng J. H., He C., Huang S. S., Tian S. H. and Xiong Y., Application of Fe2V4O13 as a new multi-metal heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants, Environmental Technology, 31, (2), 145-154, 2010.

Zhu S., Ding S., Xi H., Li Q. and Wang R., Low-temperature fabrication of porous SiC ceramics by preceramic polymer reaction bonding, Materials Letters, 59, 595-597, 2005.

Zhu S., Ding S., Xi H., Li Q. and Wang R., Preparation and characterization of SiC/cordierite composite porous ceramics, Ceramics International, 33, 115-118, 2007.

Zytner R. G., Sorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene to various media, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 38, 113-124, 1994.