本研究旨在探討正念特質和睡眠品質的關聯中，睡前拖延所扮演的中介效果。我們探討了正念是否會透過睡前拖延來影響睡眠品質。
研究採問卷調查之相關性研究，問卷包含：「睡前拖延量表」、「中文版止觀覺察注意量表」和「中文版匹茲堡睡眠品質量表」。受試者為國立成功大學學生 308 人，男性 138人（ 44.8 %），年齡介於 18 到 35 歲。
我們對使用的測量工具進行了信效度檢驗。睡前拖延量表經驗證性因素分析後，顯示其為單因子模型。止觀覺察注意量表經探索性和驗證性因素分析後，顯示其為二因子結構，分別為「覺察力」和「專注力」。匹茲堡睡眠品質量表經驗證性因素分析後，顯示其為二因子模型，分別為「睡眠效率」和「睡眠品質」。上述量表的建構效度和聚斂效度均尚可。
透過相關分析，我們驗證了正念特質、睡前拖延和睡眠品質，兩兩間有顯著關聯。我們用結構方程模型來檢驗假設的中介模型，以Sobel檢定觀察「中介變項的間接效果是否顯著」，並搭配拔靴法計算「各效果的信賴區間」以檢驗中介效果。結果支持了假設四的檢定，「睡前拖延」會部分中介「專注力」和「睡眠品質」之間的關係，「睡前拖延」會部分中介「專注力」和「睡眠效率」之間的關係，且都有小的效果量（P_M = 0.264 & 0.359）。
研究結果支持正念特質會透過減少睡前拖延來提升睡眠品質，正念介入也許會是減少睡前拖延並且提升睡眠品質的有效方法。然而，研究存在一些限制。例如：受試者為台灣大學生，無法將結果推論至不同年齡層和文化背景的人群；研究為相關性研究，無法證明因果關係；使用自陳式量表，可能存在主觀報告的偏誤。儘管如此，本研究探索了正念特質、睡前拖延和睡眠品質之間的關係，對理論和實務上均有參考價值，也為未來研究提供了一些理論及應用上的參考方向。

This study explores the relationship between trait mindfulness and sleep quality, spe-cifically examining whether it is mediated by bedtime procrastination in Taiwanese university students. Our hypothesis suggests that mindfulness may improve sleep quality by reducing bedtime procrastination, thus demonstrating the mediating effect of bedtime pro-crastination.
We employed a correlational questionnaire survey, including "Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS)", "Chinese version of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (CMAAS)", and "Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI)", with 308 participants from National Cheng Kung University, aged 18-35.
We verified the reliability and validity of the scales. The BPS exhibited an unidimen-sional structure, the CMAAS showed a two-factor structure, comprising "Awareness” and "Concentration", the CPSQI exhibited a two-factor structure, comprising "Sleep Efficiency" and "Sleep Quality". All with acceptable construct validity and convergent validity.
Through correlation analysis, we confirmed that there are significant correlations among the variables of mindfulness traits, bedtime procrastination, and sleep quality. Furthermore, we employed Structural Equation Modeling. Sobel tests and bootstrapping both showed that "Bedtime Procrastination" partially mediates the relationship between "Concentration" and "Sleep Quality," as well as between "Concentration" and "Sleep Efficiency," with small effect sizes (PM = 0.264 & 0.359).
The findings support that mindfulness traits, particularly concentration, enhance sleep quality and sleep efficiency by reducing bedtime procrastination. For further details, including discussions, limitations, and future recommendations, please refer to the full text.

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