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研究生：	李瑋志 Lee, Wei-Chei
論文名稱：	(BiFeO3-BaTiO3)系統之合成、特性、及介電性質 Synthesis, Characteristic, and Dielectric Properties of (BiFeO3-BaTiO3) System
指導教授：	黃啟原 Huang, Chi-Yuen
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 資源工程學系 Department of Resources Engineering
論文出版年：	2004
畢業學年度：	92
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	95
中文關鍵詞：	無鉛壓電
外文關鍵詞：	lead free piezoelectric ceramics
相關次數：	點閱：42 下載：6
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　　近來由於環保意識高漲，使得含有對人體之健康有疑慮元素的材料將會被逐步禁用。於電子陶瓷中影響最大的將會是壓電陶瓷，由於現今壓電陶瓷所使用的材料最大宗為PZT，而這類含鉛之材料雖然早在數年前就被明令將被禁用，但由於其替代品開發之困難，故至今其限期不斷在延後，但尋找可替代之材料仍為現今刻不容緩之議題。
　　而(BiFeO3-BaTiO3) 系統，則因BaTiO3 具有鐵電及壓電性質，而BiFeO3也具有鐵電性質，因而其固溶系統被認為有機會具有良好之壓電行為。故本研究將針對本固溶系統做詳盡的晶體結構以及基本介電性質分析，並藉由實驗結果繼續探討其作為壓電材料之可能性。經實驗結果可確定下面幾點。第一，提出xBiFeO3-(1-x)BaTiO3) 之製程，並且可將燒結體密度達到94%以上。第二，詳盡說明本固溶系統晶體變化之過程，於x = 0.07 及0.68 分別將由etragonal 轉變為Cubic 再變為Hexagonal，且經由計算得到其晶格常數、晶格體積及理論密度值。第三，得到一系列成分於不同頻率下之介電常數，也同時由性質及結構說明了MPB之存在，並提出影響本系統電性質表現的主要因素為MPB及Fe3+之價數不穩定。第四，確定了此固溶系統具有壓電特性，且優於純BaTiO3。

　　Recently, because the raise of environmental sense making some materials containing with harmful health elements will be inhibited. The biggest influence of electric ceramics will be piezoelectric ceramics. Because the most important material of piezoelectric ceramics is PZT, and this containing Pb material have been inhibited
at few years before, but owning to the difficulty of finding the substitution make the time- limited is always be extended. In (BiFeO3-BaTiO3) system, because of BaTiO3 have piezoelectric and ferroelectric property, BiFeO3 have ferroelectric property, so we predict this solid solution system will have good performance in piezoelectric
property. In this research will detailed study in crystal structure and basic dielectric
property of this solid solution system. Depending on results, we will continue to study
the possibility of it applied in piezoelectric material. According to the results, we can
make sure the following points. First of all, providing a processing of (BiFeO3-BaTiO3) and it can make the relative density of sintering bulk up to 94%; Second, detailed show the transformation of this solid solution system, at x = 0.07 and
0.68 separately, it will from tetragonal transform to cubic and hexagonal. By calculating, we can get lattice parameters, lattice volume, and theoretical density; Third, getting dielectric constant at different frequency of each component, and from
property and structure are showing the existence of MPB. Bringing up the main factors affect electric property is MPB and the unstable valence of Fe3+. Fourth, confirming this solid solution system is piezoelectric and better than pure BaTiO3.

IV
目錄
中文摘要.................................................................................................Ⅰ
Ⅱ
致謝..............................................................................................................................Ⅲ
目錄..............................................................................................................................Ⅳ
表目錄.........................................................................................................................Ⅵ
圖目錄.........................................................................................................................Ⅶ
第一章緒論.................................................................................................................1
1-1 前言....................................................................................................................1
1-2 研究方向及目的..............................................................................................1
第二章前人研究及理論基礎..................................................................................3
2-1 BiFeO3 之晶體結構及電性質.........................................................................3
2-1-1 晶體結構...................................................................................................3
2-1-2 合成...........................................................................................................8
2-1-3 介電及鐵電性質......................................................................................8
2-2 BaTiO3 之晶體結構及電性質......................................................................13
2-2-1 晶體結構.................................................................................................13
2-2-2 介電及鐵電性質....................................................................................16
2-3 置換作用.........................................................................................................16
2-3-1 置換原理.................................................................................................16
2-3-2 容忍因子.................................................................................................17
2-4 xBiFeO3-(1-x)BaTiO3 系統之研究...............................................................18
2-5 鐵電滯迴曲線................................................................................................20
2-6 壓電性質.........................................................................................................20
2-6-1 壓電效應.................................................................................................20
2-6-2 機電耦合因數........................................................................................25
2-6-3 形變相界.................................................................................................26
第三章實驗方法與步驟.........................................................................................29
3-1 起始原料.........................................................................................................29
3-2 粉末及陶瓷體製備.......................................................................................29
3-2-1 粉末製備.................................................................................................29
3-2-2 粉末之DTA/TG 分析..........................................................................33
3-2-3 陶瓷體製備............................................................................................33
3-2-4 燒結收縮曲線量測...............................................................................34
3-3 材料特性分析................................................................................................34
3-3-1 燒結體密度量測....................................................................................34
3-3-2 相鑑定.....................................................................................................36
3-3-3 晶體結構分析........................................................................................36
3-3-4 微結構分析............................................................................................39
3-3-5 化學成分分析........................................................................................40
3-4 材料性質分析................................................................................................40
3-4-1 居禮溫度量測........................................................................................40
3-4-2 陶瓷體電性質量測樣品準備..............................................................41
3-4-3 室溫直流電阻量測...............................................................................41
3-4-4 介電常數及品質因子量測..................................................................42
3-4-5 鐵電滯迴曲線量測...............................................................................42
3-4-6 極化.........................................................................................................44
3-4-7 機電耦合因數量測...............................................................................44
第四章結果與討論..................................................................................................46
4-1 粉末合成及燒結..............................................................................................46
4-1-1 合成............................................................................................................46
4-1-2 燒結............................................................................................................54
4-2 特性分析...........................................................................................................54
4-2-1 微結構及化學成分分析.........................................................................54
4-2-2 晶體結構...................................................................................................66
4-3 性質量測...........................................................................................................76
4-3-1 居禮溫度...................................................................................................76
4-3-2 直流電阻率...............................................................................................80
4-3-3 介電常數及品質因子.............................................................................83
4-3-4 鐵電滯迴曲線..........................................................................................87
4-3-5 機電耦合因數..........................................................................................89
4-4 綜合討論...........................................................................................................91
第五章結論...............................................................................................................93
參考文獻.....................................................................................................................94
                                    

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