背景：氣喘是全球兒童常見的疾病之一，需要持續性的照護。教師在管理氣喘方面扮演著至關重要的角色，他們需要在上課期間預防氣喘發作並對加重的症狀作出反應。教師的知識、態度、自我效能及健康素養是影響他們管理氣喘行為的關鍵因素。
目的：本研究旨在探討氣喘知識、對氣喘的態度、自我效能及健康素養對泰國曼谷小學教師管理氣喘行為的影響。
方法：本研究為一項相關性橫斷性研究，對象為泰國曼谷公立小學的428名教師。本研究採用兩階段抽樣，參與者完成了一份自填式電子問卷。問卷內容包含社會人口學資料、氣喘知識、態度、自我效能、健康素養及管理氣喘行為。資料統計分析是採描述性統計、成對t檢定、單因子變異數分析（One-way ANOVA）、皮爾森相關分析及多元線性回歸進行分析。
結果：本研究最終納入了來自泰國曼谷409名小學教師。這些教師的平均年齡為39.5歲，平均教學經驗為12.5年。研究發現教師的氣喘知識有限，但對於氣喘管理保持有積極的態度，健康素養水準中等程度，且具有一定程度的自我效能與行為。健康素養是氣喘管理行為的最顯著預測因素（β = .28，p < .001），並說明態度、自我效能與健康素養為可解釋管理氣喘行為變異量的11.6%（R2 = .122，調整後的R2 = 0.116）。
結論：本研究顯示除了氣喘知識之外，態度、自我效能及健康素養與管理氣喘行為相關。然而，僅有健康素養能預測管理氣喘行為，這意味著健康素養越高，氣喘管理的表現越佳。本研究為發展針對教師及學校工作人員的氣喘教育計畫提供了基礎，旨在改善泰國公立學校對氣喘的管理，並為國家層級的學校提供有關氣喘兒童的政策建議。

Background: Asthma is one of the common diseases affecting children worldwide, needed continuous caring. Teachers play a crucial role in managing asthma by preventing attacks and responding to exacerbations during school hours. Their knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and health literacy are critical factors that influence their asthma management behaviors.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore the role of knowledge of asthma, attitude towards asthma, self-efficacy, and health literacy influencing asthma management behavior among primary school teachers in Bangkok, Thailand.
Method: A correlational cross-sectional study was conducted with 428 teachers from public primary schools in Bangkok, Thailand. Two-stage sampling was used, and participants completed a self-administered electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire included sections on socio-demographics, knowledge of asthma, attitude, self-efficacy, health literacy, and asthma management behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression.
Result: A total of 409 primary school teachers in Bangkok, Thailand were included in this study. The mean age of primary school teachers was 39.5 years, with an average of 12.5 years of teaching experience. Limited knowledge of asthma among teachers was found. Otherwise, teachers had a positive attitude towards asthma management, a moderate level of general health literacy, and a fair level of self-efficacy and behavior. Health literacy was the most significant predictor of asthma management behavior (β = .28, p < .001), and identified that the model including attitude, self-efficacy, and health literacy could be explained 11.6% of the variance in asthma management behavior (R2 = .122, adjR2 = 0.116).
Conclusion: Then study revealed that attitude, self-efficacy, and health literacy were associated with asthma management behavior except knowledge of asthma. However, only health literacy predicted performing asthma management, meaning, the higher health literacy, the better performance of asthma management. This study provides a foundation for developing an asthma educational program for teachers and school staff to better manage asthma in public schools and for informing national-level school policies in Thailand concerning children with asthma.

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