隨著可持續發展意識的抬頭，對氫能的需求也在逐漸增加。雖然氫能被認為是一種清潔能源，但它確實被歸類為最嚴格意義上的能源載體。與煤、石油、天然氣等傳統化石燃料相比，氫氣燃燒的產物是水(H2O)。因此，氫能可以被認為是一種可重複使用的能源。儘管氫能不符合聯合國環境規劃署(UNEP)對可再生能源的定義，因為它仍然來自化石燃料，但它可以作為可再生能源系統中的優良能源載體，從而作為可再生能源系統中一種能源儲存之選擇，因為在使用氫氣時，該過程只會排放水，並不會對環境造成危害，氫能仍然能成為能源產業無可爭議的領導者。然而，氫氣的使用通常以高純度形式使用。因此，本研究分為兩部分，第一部分討論了不同操作條件下使用鈀膜初步分離來自不同氣體混合物之氫氣，並通過統計方法分析了各因子的影響。第二部分研究了分離富氫氣體中之氫氣，並分析操作條件對氫氣分離和雜質滲透的利弊。
在本研究的第一部分，初步從產氫過程中可能產出之氣體成分中分離氫氣。實驗使用 H2、N2 和 CO2 四種不同的氣體濃度組合作為進料氣體。實驗的操作條件採用田口方法依據直角表L16(44)進行設計。對於膜分離進行氣體成分、操作溫度（320至380 °C）、總壓差（2至5 atm）和真空度（15至51 kPa）的影響之研究。逐步迴歸分析用於建立氫氣通量的預測方程式。通過變異數分析(ANOVA)分析操作因子的顯著性及影響性。滲透端的最佳氫氣通量是本研究的目標。變異數分析結果顯示，氫氣通量受氣體成分的影響最大，其次是總壓差、真空度，最小的是操作溫度。預測的最佳條件為混合氣體為75% H2 + 25% N2、操作溫度為320 °C，總壓差為5 atm，真空度為51 kPa。在這種情況下，氫氣通量為0.185 mol∙s-1∙m-2，而二階迴歸分析預測的相對誤差於7%以下。
在本研究的第二部分，本研究使用鈀膜從 H2/CO2 (90/10 vol%) 氣體混合物中分離氫氣。考慮了氫氣的溫度（320至380 °C）、總壓差（2至3.5 atm）及真空度（15至49 kPa）三個不同的操作參數，並利用中心複合設計(CCD)設計實驗。變異數分析(ANOVA) 也用於分析操作因子的重要性和適用性。滲透端的氫氣通量和二氧化碳（雜質）濃度都是本研究的目標函數。變異數分析結果顯示，三個因子對氫氣通量的影響猶大至小依序為真空度、溫度和總壓差。然而，對於CO2的滲透，因子影響性排序為總壓差>真空度>溫度。反應曲面法對最大氫氣通量和最小CO2濃度的預測與實驗接近。最大氫氣通量為 0.2163 mol∙s-1∙m-2發生於380 °C、3.5 atm 總壓差和49 kPa 真空度之操作條件下。而在320 °C、2 atm 總壓差和15 kPa 真空度的操作條件下，滲透端中最小CO2濃度為643.58 ppm。真空操作可以顯著增加氫氣滲透，但它也同時促進CO2擴散滲透過鈀膜。因此，應根據氣體產品的需求，於氫氣通量和氣體雜質之間進行折衷。

With the rising awareness of sustainable development, the demand for hydrogen energy is gradually increasing. Although hydrogen energy is considered to be a clean energy, it is really classified as an energy carrier in the strictest sense. The product of hydrogen combustion, in contrast to conventional fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas, and so on, is water (H2O). As a result, hydrogen energy may be thought of as a reusable source of energy. Even though hydrogen energy does not fulfil the UN Evironment Programme (UNEP) definition of renewable energy because it is still derived from fossil fuels, it can be used as an excellent energy carrier in renewable energy systems and thus serve as another option for energy storage in renewable energy systems. Because when hydrogen is being utilised, the process will only emit water vapour and will not harm the environment. Hydrogen energy is still the undisputed leader in the energy industry. However, the use of hydrogen is usually in a high piurity form. Thus, this research is divided into two parts. The first part discusses preliminary hydrogen separation from different gas mixtures using palladium membrane with various operating conditions and analyzes the effect of the factors by statistic methods. The second part investigates the hydrogen separation from hydrogen rich gas and analyzes the pros and cons of the operating conditions to the hydrogen separation and impurities permeation.
In the first part of this study, Preliminary separation of hydrogen from the possible gas composition of hydrogen production methods. The experiments use four different gas concentration combination of H2, N2, and CO2 as the input gas. The Taguchi method is used to design the experiment's operating conditions, which is according to orthogonal array L16 (44). On membrane separation, the effects of gas composition, operation temperature (320 to 380 °C), total pressure difference (2 to 5 atm), and vacuum degree (15 to 51 kPa) are investigated. The stepwise regression analysis is employed for establishing the predictive equation of H2 flux. The significance and suitability of operating conditions are analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal H2 flux at the permeate side is the goal of this study. The results of ANOVA indicate that the H2 flux is most affected by the gas composition, followed by the total pressure difference, vacuum degree and the least is the operating temperature. The predicted optimal conditions are when the gas mixture is 75% H2 + 25% N2, operating temperature is 320 °C, the pressure difference is 5 atm, and the vacuum degree is 51 kPa. In this case, the H2 flux is 0.185 mol∙s-1∙m-2. The relative error of prediction of the second order regression analysis is below 7%
In the second part of this study, This study using a palladium membrane to separate hydrogen from an H2/CO2 (90/10 vol%) gas mixture. Three different operating parameters of temperature (320 to 380 °C), total pressure difference (2 to 3.5 atm), and vacuum degree (15 to 49 kPa) on hydrogen are taken into account, and the experiments are designed utilizing a central composite design (CCD). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is also used to analyze the importance and suitability of the operating factors. Both the H2 flux and CO2 (impurity) concentration on the permeate side are the targets in this study. The ANOVA results indicate that the influences of the three factors on the H2 flux follow the order of vacuum degree, temperature, and total pressure difference. However, for CO2 transport across the membrane, the parameters rank as total pressure difference > vacuum degree > temperature. The predictions of the maximum H2 flux and minimum CO2 concentration by the response surface methodology are close to those by experiments. The maximum H2 flux is 0.2163 mol∙s-1∙m-2, occurring at 380 °C, 3.5 atm total pressure difference, and 49 kPa vacuum degree. Meanwhile, the minimum CO2 concentration in the permeate stream is t 643.58 ppm with the operations of 320 °C, 2 atm total pressure difference, and 15 kPa vacuum degree. The operation with a vacuum can significantly intensify H2 permeation, but it also facilitates CO2 diffusion across the Pd membrane. Therefore, a compromise between the H2 flux and the impurity in the treated gas should be taken into account, depending on the requirement of the gas product.

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