本研究中利用化學法對聚丙烯(PP)進行改質，並將其作為添加劑加入PP中以提升其結晶及相容性質。首先，本研究利用溶液法製備無規聚丙烯(aPP)接枝馬來酸酐(MAH)的改質aPP(簡稱aPP-g-MAH)，並使用己內醯胺(Cap)作為促進劑，提升其改質率。經反射式紅外線光譜(FTIR-ATR)與元素分析(EA)等檢測MAH於aPP上的接枝量可達5.03 wt%；經尺寸排除色譜法(SEC)分析其分子量，發現Cap的添加有助於在接枝反應時抑制副反應-斷鏈反應(β-scission)的發生，使分子量不會急遽降低。進一步地，將aPP-g-MAH分別引入PP與PP/尼龍6 (PP/PA6)混摻物中作為結晶助劑以及相容助劑。由微示差掃描熱卡分析(DSC)熱流顯示，PP/aPP-g-MAH混摻物結晶溫度由114.0 ℃提升至115.3 ℃；此外，經POM觀察證實PP/aPP-g-MAH的球晶大小相較於PP明顯縮小，此結果說明aPP-g-MAH可作為PP良好的結晶成核劑。另當aPP-g-MAH作為相容助劑添加於PP/PA6混摻材料時，由掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察其冷凍破裂面結果顯示，PP/PA6/aPP-g-MAH混摻材料具有良好的相容性，且PP於PP/PA6/aPP-g-MAH中的結晶溫度也較原始PP高出6.4 ℃，此結果也顯示aPP-g-MAH於PP/PA6中不僅可作為相容助劑，同樣也具有結晶助劑的效果。
另一方面，本研究以鋅離子進行PP-g-MAH離子改質(稱為PP-g-MAHZn)。改質物藉由FTIR-ATR的特徵峰位置及X射線光電子能譜(XPS)的結合能位移證實具有羧酸鋅螯合鍵結結構生成，由DSC熱流變化可以觀察到隨著羧酸鋅螯合鍵結的數量增加，其結晶度有降低的趨勢；此外，經流變儀分析結果顯示，PP-g-MAHZn的剪切黏度與儲存模數也隨著羧酸鋅螯合鍵結的數量增加而提升，此現象是由於高分子鏈間的離子相互作用力所致。進一步地，本研究將PP-g-MAHZn添加於PP中作為PP超臨界二氧化碳進行發泡的發泡助劑。添加PP-g-MAHZn的PP混摻材料相較於原始PP展現高剪切黏度與高儲存模數等特性，PP/PP-g-MAHZn發泡體經SEM觀察其冷凍斷裂面顯示，PP/PP-g-MAHZn發泡體相較於PP發泡體具較高閉孔泡比例、較均勻的泡孔大小以及較高的泡孔密度，此結果歸因於PP-g-MAHZn的添加有助於提升PP於發泡時的泡孔結構體強度。此外，PP-g-MAHZn於PP中優良的分散性也使其成為良好的發泡成核點與提高熔體強度，成功地製備出高性能的PP發泡材。

Atactic polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (aPP-g-MAH) with ε-caprolactam promoter was prepared in this study. The degree of grafting of aPP-g-MAH could be achieved at 5.03 wt% when ε-caprolactam was added as the radical protecting agent through FTIR-ATR and elemental analysis. aPP-g-MAH was then introduced to polypropylene (PP) and PP/Nylon6 as a nucleation and compatibility agent, respectively. The aPP-g-MAH was an excellent nucleating agent for PP via the results of thermal and optical analysis. When aPP-g-MAH was added as a compatibility agent for PP/Nylon6 blending, the compatibility between PP and Nylon6 was elevated. Furthermore, the crystallization temperatures of PP/Nylon6/ aPP-g-MAH blends were higher than that of pure PP. These findings reveal that aPP-g-MAH is a good nucleation and compatibility agent in PP/Nylon6 blends. Next, polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) ionically modified with zinc(II) (PP-g-MAHZn) in varying amounts of ionic associations were prepared. The formation of zinc carboxylates in PP-g-MAHZn was confirmed by FTIR-ATR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to the formation of zinc carboxylates, the chain mobility was restricted by ionic interactions between polymer chains and aggregations of ionic domains. Therefore, the decreased crystallinity, gradually increased viscosities, and storage modulus were investigated by thermal and rheological analysis. Furthermore, to promote the foamability of PP, PP-g-MAHZn was introduced as an additive. Higher viscosities and storage modulus compared with pristine PP was displayed in the blends. In addition, the blends were foamed by supercritical CO2. PP/PP-g-MAHZn foams presented high closed-cell content, uniformity of cells, and increasing cell density owing to the combined effects of rheological properties and good dispersion of the PP-g-MAHZn as nucleating sites. These results reveal that PP-g-MAHZn is a suitable additive to produce high melt strength PP for foam production.

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