籃球選手之肌力、爆發力、速度、敏捷性及協調性等運動能力為影響比賽勝敗的關鍵因素，而核心穩定性乃為運動員運動表現的基礎。核心肌力與穩定能使軀幹擁有接收、加諸與傳遞力量的途徑，對籃球選手既可提升基本運動能力，還能有更好的跳投穩定度。數篇文獻證實，懸吊式訓練可使核心肌群活化並增加神經肌肉徵召，提升軀幹穩定及運動表現，而抗力球訓練對於核心穩定性、核心肌力、平衡能力與傷害預防都有好的效益，因此本研究將以TRX懸吊系統與抗力球進行訓練。
目的：探討在季前準備期將不同核心穩定訓練融入青少年女子籃球訓練對球員核心穩定與運動能力之影響。
方法：本研究以51名青少年女子籃球選手為研究對象 (age: 14.76± 1.84yrs, BMI: 21.41± 1.96 kg/m2)，以配對分組方式隨機分為抗力球實驗組17人、TRX實驗組17人與對照組17人，兩實驗組除了平日專項訓練外，將介入為期八週的核心訓練，對照組則維持球隊原有的訓練，受測者將於訓練前、後進行核心穩定與運動能力檢測，其中核心穩定檢測包含檢測脊柱維持在正中位置能力的雙腳下降測試(MDLL)與帶動淺層核心肌群的棒式測驗；運動能力檢測則包含垂直跳、20公尺衝刺、敏捷性、心肺耐力與遠端足踝平衡控制能力。
結果：經八週不同的核心訓練方式後，抗力球組 (p=.044)與TRX組 (p=.02)在以帶動淺層核心肌群的棒式測驗表現相較於對照組有顯著的改善，但抗力球組與TRX組間並沒有顯著差異；在代表深層核心肌群穩定與否的雙腳下降測驗的表現上則發現各組前、後測僅在TRX組內差異達顯著 (p=.021)，而TRX組 (8.6%)也顯著的比抗力球組 (2.9%)進步的多 (p=.001)；在運動能力方面，所有受測者20公尺衝刺以及遠端足踝平衡控制能力之結果皆無顯著差異，顯示實驗組的運動能力並不因為每週調整二次訓練內容，而有別於控制組的一般訓練。
結論：經過八週的核心肌群訓練融入籃球訓練課程後，不論是TRX或抗力球都能提升核心肌群的能力，且不會降低其運動表現，並能達到強化選手擁有更好的力量傳遞並進一步預防傷害；然而，若要在季前準備期進行核心訓練且強化速度與遠端平衡控制運動能力，需要再考量介入的時間與強度，方能再進一步有效改善遠端足踝平衡控制能力及運動能力。
關鍵詞：懸吊式訓練、抗力球、核心肌群、核心穩定、平衡控制能力

Introduction: Basketball is a high speed, intense, physical game that demands exceptional strength, power, speed, balance, coordination, and dribble control. Trunk position is not only related to the physical fitness performance but is also important for the balance and stability of the whole body (Shinkle et al., 2014). TRX® Suspension Training has been shown to be an effective device for eliciting an increased core muscle endurance and core muscle activation. In addition, Swiss ball core muscle training can improve core muscle strength and neuromuscular recruitment. To our knowledge, only a few studies have discussed the effects of different unstable core muscle training methods on the trunk muscle abilities and athletic performance.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of two training methods on trunk stability and athletic performance in adolescent female basketball players during preseason training.
Methods: 51 healthy elite female basketball players (age: 14.76± 1.84yrs, BMI: 21.41± 1.96 kg/m2) were assigned to a TRX training group (n=17), a Swiss ball training group (n=17), or a control group (n=17). Under supervision, all participants performed a progressive program of unstable core muscle training consisting of 3 sets* 8 exercises sessions twice-a-week for 8 weeks.The main outcome measures were a plank test, the performance of a modified double leg lowing task (MDLL) for trunk stability, and athletic performance including jumping, speed, agility, cardiopulmonary endurance, and the proprioception of the ankle. These parameters were evaluated before and after the 8-week core muscle training. An independent sample t-test was used to determine the differences in the baseline data. A two-way (“group’’ x “time’’) analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures of “time’’ was used to analyze the effects of core muscle training on variables including trunk muscle ability and athletic performance. A Scheffé's post-hoc comparison was used to determine the between-group differences.
Results: Significant group x time interactions were found for the MDLL task in the TRX group (p=.021). In the MDLL task, the TRX group (8.6%) improved significantly more than the Swiss ball group (2.9%) (p<.05). The score for core muscle strength and the stability test increased in both the TRX (182%) and the Swiss ball groups (168%) (p=.001), but no significant difference was observed between the two groups. In athletic performance, no significant difference was observed in speed ability and ankle proprioception in any of the participants.
Conclusions: The main results of this study indicate that both TRX and Swiss ball training can increase core muscle strength and stability without regressing athletic performance after 8 weeks of training. Moreover, this core muscle training could help players gain improved power transmission ability and also prevent injury. However, considering the goal was to improve speed ability and ankle proprioception during preseason training, it is necessary to consider the time and intensity of an unstable core muscle training intervention.

Key words: suspension training, Swiss ball, core muscle, trunk stability, proprioception

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