一貫作業煉鋼廠製程中，當鐵水與空氣或與魚雷車內襯之耐火材料接
觸時，鐵水溫度下降會使得碳元素過飽和並且以凝析石墨形式析出。近年
來石墨應用越來越受重視，並往高值化方向發展，然而凝析石墨具有經濟
價值且來源為煉鋼副產物，若能將其大量開發並取代天然石墨的開採，將
可減少環境破壞與衝擊。在本研究中從高爐集塵灰中富集純化出石墨含
量高之凝析石墨，並將其作為原料製備成凝析膨脹石墨。膨脹石墨是一種
新型碳材，具有發達之多孔結構，因此具備作為吸附材料的潛力實驗透過
氧化插層程序與熱處理製備膨脹石墨，並探討較佳的製備條件。接續將其
應用於食用油吸附試驗，以瞭解吸附效果。此外，亦對吸附材料進行循環
再利用實驗，期許將資源效益發揮至最大化。
凝析石墨粒徑分佈於<0.0075-1 mm，而天然石墨則集中分佈在0.27-
0.55 mm 之間。在外觀結構上凝析石墨表面具有多孔洞缺陷，使其比表面
積相較於天然石墨大，前者比表面積為0.3974 m2/g，後者為0.0734 m2/g。
天然石墨於過碳酸鈉與硫酸系統中膨脹成效優於傳統製備方法，以過
氧化氫與硫酸製備膨脹石墨，前者可得較大膨脹體積，且相對添加較少化
學藥劑量，較具環境友善性。在反應時為4 小時、反應溫度為20 ℃以及
石墨 (g):過碳酸鈉 (g):硫酸 (mL) 比為1:1:10 條件下，膨脹石墨體積為
264.96 mL/g。以凝析石墨為原料，於過碳酸鈉與硫酸系統中在反應時間
為2 小時、反應溫度為20 ℃以及石墨 (g):過碳酸鈉 (g):硫酸 (mL) 比為
II
1:1:18 條件下，為凝析膨脹石墨較佳製備條件，膨脹體積為173.3 mL/g。
凝析石墨表面具有孔洞，致使於氧化插層反應與高溫熱處理過程產生
結構破損，故以不同凝析石墨粒徑作為原料時，最終成品為以較細小粒徑
石墨製備的膨脹石墨。以天然石墨與凝析石墨製備膨脹石墨，石墨經氧化
插層程序，由原始片狀結構轉變為層狀結構，石墨層間距離增加。石墨層
間化合物經熱處理後膨脹石墨轉變為蠕蟲狀結構。凝析膨脹石墨比表面
積為27.61 m2/g；天然膨脹石墨為16.24 m2/g。天然膨脹石墨有較大的膨
脹體積，而凝析膨脹石墨具有比表面積大的優勢，故兩者皆具備作為吸附
材料的潛力。
分別以天然石墨與凝析石墨在較佳製備條件下形成之膨脹石墨進行
吸附食用油試驗，得知兩者飽和吸附容量為每克天然膨脹石墨吸附59.5 g
的大豆油，每克凝析膨脹石墨吸附35.6 g 大豆油。天然膨脹石墨與凝析
膨脹石墨於油與水同時存在情況下，其吸附容量與飽和吸附容量則相近。
天然與凝析膨脹石墨皆表現優良吸附效果與高度吸附選擇特性。
綜合結果，在本研究中使用之凝析膨脹石墨製備方法相較於傳統方
法具環境友善性，且對食用油具優良吸附效果，有助於解決環境中的油
品污染，並達到廢棄物資源化的目的。

Kish graphite is produced in the steelmaking process as the dissolved carbon elements, which are precipitated out of the molten iron under cooling period. Since its high crystalline order, kish graphite is a great candidate to produce high quality carbon graphite products. In this study, purified kish graphite were employed to produce kish expanded graphite (EG) by oxidation and intercalation process and applied to adsorb edible oil. It is found that EG can be prepared with sodium percarbonate (SPC) and concentrated sulfuric acid, which has the advantages in reducing the dosage of sulfuric acid from 43.3 mL to 10 mL compared to conventional preparation method using hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid. The process was carried out at a reaction temperature of 20℃ for 2 hours, the ratio of kish graphite (g), SPC (g) and sulfuric acid (mL) is 1:1:18, with the optimum expanded volume for kish expanded graphite, 173.3 mL/g. Also, kish expanded graphite has more surface area, and natural expanded graphite has higher expanded volume when both are at the best preparation condition, which makes them be one of the promising adsorbent material. Results show that maximum adsorption capacity for soybean oil of natural expanded graphite is 59.5 g/g, and its of kish expanded graphite is 35.6 g/g. As adsorbent materials, natural expanded graphite and kish expanded graphite both have excellent efficency to adsorb soybean oil, high oil/water selectivity and reusability.

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