隧道「減少地表開挖」的理念，已實行在隧道設計及施工實務上，其中，因淺覆蓋或偏壓地段使得隧道周邊岩體因應力破壞造成之邊坡滑動等問題在近年來時有所聞，特别是隧道洞口地形若為不對稱時，需考慮隧道斷面承受偏壓之荷重。此外，斜坡岩體內之層面及節理、傾角的變化更使得隧道地質條件更為複雜，如何在我國西部建物林立的有限空間選址以減緩淺覆岩盤及偏壓的問題，已成為隧道設計與施工時相當重要的課題。
本研究採用落門試驗輔以雷射剖面儀、近景攝影測量及小型荷重計探討傾斜地表之淺隧道開挖對岩盤應力及變形行為影響之研究。
試驗結果顯示單隧道在淺覆岩盤(H1=1.0D)，當地表坡度越陡時，地表沉陷量會增大，落門區靠川側之岩盤地中位移變化越不穩定，落門區左右兩側之垂直應力集中狀態差值越大；若為超淺覆岩盤(H=0.5D)時，當地表坡度越陡其變化趨勢與淺覆岩盤(H1=1.0D)大致一致，但其地表完全沉陷量(趨近於落門沉陷量)之範圍會增大往川側增加，落門區及靠川側之岩盤地中位移變化及落門區左右兩側之垂直應力集中狀態差值亦越大，另於層面傾角為逆向60°，坡面傾角為30°時，該處坡面岩塊易產生因互制影響未明顯下沉之情況。
在雙隧道方面試驗結果顯示雙孔隧道間距為0.25D時當地表坡度越陡，川側隧道地表沉陷量會增大，其地表完全沉陷量(趨近於落門沉陷量)之範圍會增大往川側增加，但山側隧道之地表沉陷量會略微減少，兩隧道間及靠川側之岩盤地中位移變化會越往川側移動，而山側隧道之垂直應力集中狀態值則大於川側隧道；若雙孔隧道間距為1.0D時，地表坡度越陡，川側隧道之表現與其為單隧道時大致一致，山側隧道之地表沉陷量會略微減少，岩盤地中位移變化顯示山側隧道及川側隧道由於地表坡度的增加而使兩隧道間之相互影響增加且漸往川側移動，垂直應力集中狀態則維持川側隧道大於山側隧道之模式。

The maximum ground subsidence of a single tunnel tends to decrease with the thickness of the overburden, but it increases with the steeper the slope angle. This is similar to the trend of the test results of Na (2019), except that the material used is steel The rod is used to simulate the soil layer; the steeper the bedding angle, the more it tends to increase, but it mainly affects the position of the maximum surface subsidence and the shape of the section. The high-angle discontinuous surface joints dominate the behavior of the rock pan after excavation; vertical stress concentration The state is still mainly distributed on the outer edge of the tunnel.
When the distance between two-hole tunnels is 0.25D, the maximum subsidence of mountain side tunnels increases compared to when the distance is 1.0D, which shows that the excavation between the two-hole tunnels will affect each other when the distance is greater than 1.0D, especially on gentle slopes. If there is no mutual influence between the two tunnels, it is recommended that the distance between the double-hole tunnels of the subsequent new design should still be 1.0D or more.

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