反彈效果(Rebound effect)的現象近年引起學術界對於節能政策有效性的廣泛關注。隨著科技進步，節能設備提升能源使用的效率，降低能源的消耗。然而，一般對於能源效率提升的預期，僅計入技術上的能源節約，忽略了因能源效率提升而刺激消費行為或生產行為的改變，亦即可能產生的反彈效果。未考慮反彈效果可能會高估能源效率提升之預期能源節約量，而使得相關節能政策未能達到預期成效。
過去探討反彈效果相關文獻中，多聚焦於單一產業內的反彈效果評估，或是以經濟體系整體的反彈效果分析為主。但各產業具備不同的產業特性，產業之間彼此依存，個別產業能源效率的提升除了改變產業本身的能源使用，同時會外溢到其他產業。本研究運用投入產出法分析各產業的能源消費特性及耗能狀況，並利用供給面投入產出模型分析產業反彈效果，探討不同產業能源效率提升後對產業本身及其他產業的影響，以評估產業實際節能潛力。
根據研究結果顯示，2006年(民國95年)產業反彈效果多數低於10%，平均值約為3.75%，產業向前關聯效果較高的產業通常具有較高的反彈效果。反彈效果較高的產業包含基本化學工業、其他金屬、礦業、鐵公路、化學製品及其他等；反彈效果較低的產業則為漁業、加工食品及菸酒、人造纖維製造業、紡織及皮革、運輸工具等。
考慮反彈效果下，產業節能潛力受能源密集度及反彈效果影響，基本上，能源密集度較高的產業仍具有較高的節能潛力。節能潛力較顯著之產業主要為運輸業及製造業之中間產品製造業，此類型產業在生產過程中能源直接投入的比例較高，雖然反彈效果會部分抵銷節能潛力，但效果仍相當顯著。而且中間產品製造業之產出會作為其他產業之生產投入，透過產業關聯效果，可間接降低下游產業之能源密集度。若是針對這些產業進行輔導、提升能源效率，能夠得到較好的效果。

The phenomenon of rebound effect has sparkd considerable academic debate in recent years over the effectiveness of energy conversation policy. With advances in technology, energy-saving equipment could enhance the efficiency of energy use and reduce the energy consumption. However, the expectation, in general, for efficiency improvement involves the energy saving comes from technology, ignoring the change in energy efficiency may change the processes in production or consumer behaviors. The potential energy saving may be overestimated if the rebound effect is neglected, then cause the energy policies fail to achieve the target.
Most of the academic literatures on rebound effect focus on the assement of a single industry or the economy system as a whole. Since the industries in economy are interdependent and have their own characterstics. A single industry to improve efficiency not only changes its use of energy, also spills over to other industries. This study applies the Input-Output (I-O) analysis to identify the characteristics and use of energy consumptions in different industries, and to analyze the rebound by supply-driven I-O model. Actual energy saving were scrutinized by incorporating rebound effect.
According to the results of this study, the rebound effects are less than 10% in most industries in 2006, and the average is about 3.75%. The industry with higher forward linkage generally has a higher rebound effect. The industries with higher rebound effect include Basic Chemical Industry, Other Metals, Mining, Railways and Highways, and Chemicals. The industries with lower rebound effects are Fishery, Food Processing, Alcohol and Tabacco, Rayon Manufacturing, Textile and Leather, and Means of Transport.
Considering the rebound effect, the energy intensity and rebound effect will affect the energy saving. Basically, the higher energy-intensity industry still has a higher potential for energy saving. Although the potential energy savings were offset partially by rebound effects, Transportation and Manufacturing of Intermediate Product still have higher potential energy savings. Through the linkage of industries, improve energy efficiency in these industries can get better results.

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