民主體制下的利益團體，在政策制訂的過程中占有舉足輕重的角色，藉由遊說的過程，影響他們偏好政策及法律的訂定。在利益團體不同遊說的途徑中，政治獻金被公認是最有效的接觸管道之一，特別是選舉時競選經費資助的多寡，可以說是測量利益團體對立法行為影響的重要指標。另一方面，自五Ｏ年代美國競選文化改變以來，連帶促使聯邦公職選舉所需的經費高漲，也使得候選人必須仰賴支持群眾及利益團體的政治捐獻以應付開支。
　　由於意識選舉經費的高漲與捐款行為的盛行，終有一天會危及美國所樹立的民主政治模範，自十九世紀中葉，美國國會便展開一連串對選舉經費規範的法案訂立與修改。政治行動委員會的興起，就是利益團體為規避法案，而又可以合法姿態，繼續對候選人進行競選經費的資助，以維持過去利益團體在政治運作過程中的影響力。
　　在這些基礎之上，本文旨在探討美國國會選舉過程中，候選人吸引不同類型利益團體政治行動委員會（political action committees，PACs）捐助的因素，舉凡候選人的黨派、意識形態、擔任委員會主席、擔任眾議員的屆數、性別、種族與年齡等，均是我們探究的焦點。此外，由於政治行動委員會的捐款資料呈現所謂「設限」（censored）資料的特殊型態，我們採Tobit迴歸模型加以分析。

　Interest groups in the democracy have been played an important role in making the public policy. They influence the policy and law making through lobbying the congress. Of all the different ways of lobbying, money donation, especially the campaign contribution, is usually recognized as the most effective approach. It is also because of the changes in electoral culture and process starting in the 50’s, it requires more money to support the campaign expenditures. Candidates rely intensely on the donations from their supporters and interest groups.
　Because being aware that election expenditures raise quickly and contributive behavior is in vogue, these would happen one day to strike the model of democracy which US sets up. From the middle age of 19th century, the Congress made and reformed the campaign law to regulate election funds. The raising of PACs is that interest groups in order to avoid of the campaign regulations and to donate legally. PACs also help interest groups to maintain their influence on political activities.
　Based on that, this paper focuses on how Congressmen candidates attract different political action committees (PACs) to donate. We especially explore the influence of candidates’ party affiliation, ideology, committee chairman, seniority, gender, race, and age. Since PAC’s contribution data is characterized as the censored data, we use Tobit model for the analysis.

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