金管會於2020年公布「公司治理3.0—永續發展藍圖」，其中一項要求上市櫃公司需於年度終了後七十五日內公告自結財務資訊，此項規定從2022年開始，依實收資本額大小逐年開始適用。由此可知，主管機關除了想與國際接軌，提高公司治理，亦可知道其對財務資訊之揭露以及縮短投資人資訊空窗期之重視程度有所提升。Trueman (1990) 認為公司若較晚公布盈餘可能是為了進行盈餘管理所導致，然而Lee, Mande, and Son (2015)所發現的結果卻與Trueman (1990)相反，當公司越晚公告財務報告則其盈餘品質越好。根據上述，本研究以我國上市櫃公司為樣本，樣本期間為2011年至2021年，探討自結盈餘公佈時間落差與總審計調整數間之關聯。
本研究之實證結果發現當公司越早公告自結盈餘，其自結盈餘被會計師調整之金額與幅度越小，進一步將總審計調整數分為正負兩個次樣本後，迴歸結果亦是如此。本研究於額外測試進一步觀察公司獲利與虧損時自結盈餘公佈時間落差與總審計調整數間之關聯，實證結果發現當公司獲利時公司越早公告自結盈餘，其自結盈餘被會計師調整之金額與幅度越小，公司虧損時亦是。此實證結果驗證了Trueman (1990)及Healy (1985)的發現，亦即當公司越晚公告自結盈餘有較大可能性在進行盈餘管理，且在公司虧損時有進行向下盈餘管理之可能，導致公司公告之自結盈餘被會計師向上調整。整體而言，本研究之結果為當公司越早公告自結盈餘，其公告之自結盈餘被會計師調整之金額與幅度越小。

關鍵字：自結盈餘、財務資訊揭露、總審計調整數、時間落差

The Financial Supervisory Commission announced the "Corporate Governance 3.0-Sustainable Development Blueprint" in 2020, one of which requires listed companies to announce self-consolidated financial information within 75 days after the end of the year. Starting from 2022, this regulation will be applied year by year according to the amount of paid-in capital. Hence, the competent authorities also have increased their emphasis on the disclosure of financial information and shortening the window period for investor information. Based on the above, this study takes our country's listed counter companies as samples, and the sample period is from 2011 to 2021, to explore the relationship between the reporting lag of self-reported earnings and the aggregate audit adjustments.
The empirical results show that the earlier the company announces its self-reported earnings, the smaller the amount and range of aggregate audit adjustments. After further dividing the aggregate audit adjustments into positive and negative samples, the result is also the same. Furthermore, the empirical results of additional test show that no matter when the company’s earnings is profit or loss, the earlier the company announces its self-reported earnings, the smaller the amount and range of aggregate audit adjustments.

Keywords: Unaudited Earnings, Financial Information Disclosure, Aggregate Audit Adjustments, Reporting Lags

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