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研究生： 劉欣雨
Liu, Hsin-Yu
論文名稱： 離岸風機結構與土壤互制之探討
Study on Offshore Wind Turbine Support Structures with Soil-structure Interaction
指導教授： 朱聖浩
Ju, Shen-Haw
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年： 2020
畢業學年度： 108
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 120
中文關鍵詞： 土壤互制 、液化 、不同尺寸離岸風機 、套管式離岸風機支撐結構 、設計用鋼量
外文關鍵詞： Soil-structure interaction, Liquefaction, Multiple scale offshore wind turbine, Jacket-type support structure, Total design steel weights
相關次數： 點閱：213  下載：23 
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    • 為了因應不同的狀況，需要提供不同尺寸的風機以供選擇，但目前開放且具有詳細尺寸資訊的僅有NREL的5MW及DTU的10MW兩種尺寸的風力發電機，為了能夠針對其他尺寸進行分析及探討，此論文中利用內插的方式尋找出每一種規模下，風機支撐結構最適當的尺寸。在以往WindTurb程式中的土壤模型較適合做靜力分析，為了更加符合動態分析，因此參考Boulanger et al. (1999)所提出的公式進行調整，在調整後，分析不同尺寸的風力發電機，在規範 IEC 61400-3-1: 2019所建議的設計載重案例下，需要的用鋼量、控制的案例及其原因，其中包含不同的風、浪和台灣常發生的地震及颱風。台灣位於地震頻繁的區域，因此對於地震所引發的液化需要做進一步的探討，本文以實驗證實液化的影響，並提出兩種方式折減液化後的土壤勁度，比較兩種方式對風力發電機整體用鋼量的差異及影響。電腦輔助分析程式由 朱聖浩教授研究團隊所開發，分析程式與研究成果皆為公開資源。

    For the various situations of wind farms, it is necessary to provide wind turbines of different sizes for selection, but currently only two wind turbines of 5MW NREL and 10MW DTU are available with detailed size information. In order to analyze and discuss other sizes, this thesis uses interpolation to find the most appropriate size of the wind turbine support structure for each scale. In the past, the soil model in the WindTurb program is more suitable for static analysis. In order to be more in line with the dynamic analysis, the formula proposed by Boulanger et al. (1999) is used for adjustment. After adjustment, analyze the steel consumption, control cases and reasons of different size wind turbines under the design load case recommended by the specification IEC 61400-3-1: 2019. The controlled conditions include different winds, waves, and earthquakes and typhoons that often occur in Taiwan. Taiwan is located in an area where earthquakes are frequent, so the liquefaction caused by the earthquake needs to be further discussed. This thesis confirms the effect of liquefaction through the experiment. In terms of numerical simulation, two methods are proposed to reduce soil stiffness after liquefaction, and compare their differences and influences on the amount of steel used for the entire wind turbine. Note that the computer programs developed by the research team of Shen-Haw Ju are open and free to use.

    摘要 I Abstract II Acknowledgement III List of Tables VI List of Figures VIII Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and purpose 1 1.2 Literature review 2 1.2.1 Study of the seismic load 2 1.2.2 Study of wind and typhoon load 5 1.2.3 Study of the soil and liquefaction under seismic load 7 1.2.4 Different scales of the wind turbines 9 1.3 Overview 10 Chapter 2 Soil-structure Interaction 11 2.1 P-y, t-z and q-z theory in API 11 2.2 Theory of p-y, t-z and q-z under dynamic load model 17 2.3 Introduction of p-y curve 18 2.3.1 Elastic-plastic spring 18 2.3.2 Closure spring 20 2.3.3 Drag spring 21 2.4 Introduction of t-z curve 22 2.5 Introduction of q-z curve 23 2.6 Simple method for analyzing liquefaction 24 Chapter 3 Experiment 25 3.1 Introduction of the experiment 25 3.2 Analysis of experimental data 28 3.2.1 Soil in the bottom structure 28 3.2.2 Result 35 Chapter 4 The Programs and Cases 37 4.1 Soil-structure interaction 37 4.1.1 P-y, q-z, t-z curve 37 4.1.2 Examples of liquefaction methods introduced in section 2.6 43 4.2 Program integration 45 4.2.1 Support structure model definition 48 4.2.2 Parameters for controlling dimensions 49 4.2.3 Material properties for soil 53 Chapter 5 Case Study and Result Discussion 57 5.1 Structure 57 5.2 Design load cases (DLC) 58 5.3 Result 68 5.3.1 The amount of steel used by OWT 68 5.3.2 Control cases 70 5.4 Discussion of the situation when the water depth is 25m 96 5.4.1 Structure 96 5.4.2 The amount of steel used by OWT 96 Chapter 6 Primary Study of OWT Support Structure Behavior under Soil Liquefaction 98 6.1 Finite element formulation with soil liquefaction 98 6.2 Procedures of proposed finite element analyses 100 6.2.1 Detailed theoretical process 100 6.2.2 Program flow 102 6.3 Case study 110 Chapter 7 Conclusions 112 7.1 Conclusions 112 7.2 Future works 114 References 115

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