本研究以改良直接甲醇燃料電池(DMFC)電極觸媒為主要的課題。首先在碳黑(CB)與中孔碳(MC)上沉積鎳，然後以甲烷或乙炔為碳源在其上生長奈米碳管製成ULCB與ULMC兩種海膽狀碳材，接著以這兩種海膽狀碳材為擔體製備成Pt1Ru1/C觸媒。研究中探討碳擔體種類、硝酸鎳含浸濃度、碳奈米管生長溫度及時間等因素，對碳基材上奈米碳管生長的關係，以及製成觸媒電極後用於甲醇氧化的電催化活性的影響。
結果顯示：成長環境會影響奈米碳管的型態，其中硝酸鎳濃度和生長溫度會左右碳管的數目和管徑，藉生長時間可控制奈米碳管的長度。以這兩種海膽狀碳材為擔体製備的Pt-Ru觸媒，都比原本碳材為擔体製備者有較高的電催化活性。碳黑和中孔碳上生長的奈米碳管不僅扮演連接碳粒間的角色，且因它有高導電度可提高燃料電池的效能。此外也發現，在相同的Pt與Ru含量(20 wt % Pt-Ru)條件下，以海膽狀碳黑(ULCB)所製成的觸媒，用於電催化甲醇氧化反應比商用E-TEK觸媒有更好的效能。

The main objective of this study is to improve the performance of the anode catalyst in direct methanol fuel cell. Carbon black (CB) and mesoporous carbon (MC) were employed as the substrates to prepare two kinds of urchin-like carbons, with methane or acetylene as the carbon source and nickel as the catalyst for growing carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The influencing factors, including the kind of substrates, impregnation concentration of Ni(NO3)2, temperature and time for carbon nanotube growth, on the amount, length and diameter of the CNTs were explored. The urchin-like carbons, ULCB and ULMC, were then used as the supports to prepare PtRu/ULCB and PtRu/ULMC electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation.
Experimental results reveal that the concentration of nickel nitrate affects the amount and diameter of CNTs, and the growth time can control the length of CNTs. The electrocatalytic activities of the Pt-Ru catalysts with these two urchin-like carbons as the supports for the electrooxidation of methanol are higher than those with CB and MC as the supports. CNTs in the urchin-like carbons play the role of connecting the carbon particles and can enhance the performance of the electrode in DMFC because of their high electrical conductivity. In addition, the Pt-Ru catalyst we prepared has a higher electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation than the commercial E-TEK Pt-Ru catalyst with the same amounts of active metals(20 wt% Pt and Ru).

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