| 研究生: |
劉寬仁 Liou, Kuan-ren |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
以核磁共振技術探討 BMIBF4 在各種不同稀釋劑下之分子動力行為 Studies of molecular dynamic of BMIBF4 in various diluents by 19F-, 11B-, 1H-NMR techniques |
| 指導教授: |
施良垣
Shy, Liang-Yuan |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
理學院 - 化學系 Department of Chemistry |
| 論文出版年: | 2007 |
| 畢業學年度: | 95 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 86 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 離子液體 、擴散係數 、化學位移 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | diffusion coefficient, ionic liquid, chemical shift |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:93 下載:1 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本篇首先以核磁共振的方法,測量 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate (BMIBF4) 分別加入稀釋劑 propylene carbonate
(PC)、ethylene carbonate (EC)、N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) 與tetrahydrofuran (THF) 後,稀釋劑含量及溫度的改變( 300 - 340 K )對於化學位移、擴散係數及遲緩時間(1H、11B、19F)之影響。本篇同時也測量混合液之黏度、密度與導電度等巨觀性質,以期對於離子的擴散與導電有更深入的了解。
結果顯示,稀釋劑會利用其孤立電子對與 BMI+ 五元環上之H原子產生氫鍵,其1H化學位移的變化與陰、陽離子間的相對距離有關。由NOESY光譜上也發現這些稀釋劑會利用其環上的烷基氫與 BF4- 之F原子產生氫鍵,其作用力大小依序為EC>PC>NMP>THF。當稀釋劑含量增加時,溶液黏度下降,遲緩時間上升,離子之移動速率及導電度均隨之增加。
根據Stokes-Einstein的模型,當溫度與稀釋劑含量固定時, BMI+ 及 BF4- 在溶液中之擴散半徑依序為THF>NMP>PC>EC。
1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate (BMIBF4) was mixed firstly with various diluents such as propylene carbonate (PC)、ethylene carbonate (EC)、N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and tetrahydrofuran (THF). Nuclear Magnetic resonance techniques were then applied to investigate the influences of diluent content and temperature variations (300-340 K) on the chemical shift, diffusion coefficient and the relaxation time of 1H,11B and 19F species. The macroscopic properties, like viscosity, density and conductivity of the mixture were also measured to understand further the ionic diffusion and conductivity.
It’s known from the experiment that the diluent utilizes its lone electron pairs to form hydrogen bond with the H atom of BMI+ ring. The 1H chemical shift difference is closely related to the distance between BMI+ and BF4- ions. It’s also found from the NOESY spectra that hydrogen bond is also formed between the alkyl hydrogen of the diluent and the 19F atom of BF4- with an order of the interaction energy of EC>PC>NMP>THF. As diluent content increases, the viscosity of solution falls, relaxation time rises, the movement of the ions and conductivity increase thereupon.
At a constant temperature and diluent concentration the hydrodynamic radius of BMI+ and BF4- ions, based on the Stokes - Einstein model, all follow the order THF>NMP>PC>EC.
參考文獻
1. Walden P., Bull. Acad. Imper. Sci.(St. Petersburg), 1914, 1800.
2. Hurley F. H.; Wier T. P., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1951, 98, 203.
3. Carpio R. A.; King L. A.; Lindstrom R. E.; Nardi J. C.; Hussy C. L., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1979, 126, 1644.
4. Wilkes J. S.; Levisky J. A.; Wilson R. A.; Hussey C. L., Inorg. Chem., 1982, 21, 1263.
5. Wilkes J. S.; Zaworotko M. J., J. Chem.Soc. Chem. Commun., 1992, 965.
6. Fuller J.; Carlin R. T., Osteryoung, R. A., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1997, 144, 3881.
7. Suarez P. A. Z.; Dullius J. E. L.; Einloft S.; Souza R. F. De; Dupont J., Polyhedron, 1996, 15 1217.
8. Bonhote P.; Dias A. P.; Papageorgiou N.; Kalyanasundaram K. S.; Gratzel M., Inorg. Chem., 1996, 35, 1168.
9. Headley A. D.; Jackson N. M., J. Phys. Org. Chem., 2002, 15, 52.
10. Nishida T.; Tashiro Y.; Yamamoto M., J. Fluorine Chem, 2003, 120, 135.
11. Su B. M.; Zhang S.; Zhang Z. C., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2004, 108, 19510.
12. Purcell E. M.; Torrey H. C.; Pound R. V., Phys. Rev. 1946, 69, 37
13. Block F.; Hansen W.; Packard W., Phys. Rev. 1946, 69, 127
14. 甘魯生 電子月刊 1998, 36, 55.
15. Arnold J. T.; Dharmatti S. S.; Packard M. E., J. Chem. Phy. 1951, 19, 507.
16. 黃紹光, 天下遠見, 1999.
17. Yang D.; Konrat R.; Kay L. E.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 11938.
18. Yang D.; Kay L. E., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 2571.
19. Klabunde K. J.; D. J. Burton, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1972, 94, 5985.
20. Cluster E. L., Diffusion-Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems, Cambridge Univeristy Press, Cambridge, 1984
21. 鄭國志, 國立成功大學化學研究所碩士論文. 2006
22. Umecky T., Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2005, 228
23. Watanabe M., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2004, 108, 16593
24. 張嘉航, 國立成功大學化學研究所碩士論文. 2006