環保意識抬頭與永續經營的理念的推動下，電動車仰賴儲能電池不會排放多餘的廢氣之優勢興盛崛起，因此高能量密度的先進儲能設備需求更加迫切。鋰硫電池不僅擁有高理論電容量 (1,675 mA∙h g-1) 及高能量密度 (2,600 W∙h kg-1) 的優勢，還具備天然資源豐富度高而低成本之商業化必要條件，被視為未來電能儲存系統中最具潛力的高能量密度可充電電池。儘管具備諸多優異特點，目前鋰硫電池距離實際商業化發展仍受到許多阻礙。為了設計出符合電動車長途行駛之高能量密度鋰硫電池，提升電化學性能，以及使用寡量電解液是高能量密度電池當前必須突破的瓶頸。本研究是結合高導電率的金屬鎳和高理論電容量的元素硫，藉由無電鍍鎳技術將金屬鎳鍍層塗覆在硫顆粒表面上，製成鎳硫奈米複合材料作為具有高催化活性之陰極活性物質，硫顆粒表面上附著的薄鎳鍍層不僅大幅改善硫陰極固有的高絕緣缺陷，同時藉由金屬鎳對於多硫化物之吸附性捕捉多硫化物，加強高能量密度鋰硫電池的電化學可逆性與循環穩定性。本研究之鎳硫奈米複合陰極於各種硫附載量 (2–10 mg cm-2) 及硫含量 (60–95 wt.%) 皆能獲得優異的循環性能與電化學表現，亦能達到高硫附載量 (14 mg cm-2) 及高硫含量 (75 wt.%) ，同時以寡量電解質對硫比 (7 µL mg-1) 穩定循環200個週期。由於能夠穩定利用如此大量的硫，鎳硫複合奈米陰極表現出高面積/重量電容量 (高面積7–14 mA∙h g-1/重量744電容量mA∙h cm-2) 以及高能量密度 (13–28 mW∙h cm-2) ，為鋰硫電池之高能量密度性能研究帶來實質上的突破。

Sulfur cathode has several promising electrochemical characteristics, including high theoretical capacity and cost-effectiveness. All advantages benefit pursuing stable high energy density lithium battery. Despite these merits, the development of commercialization viability of lithium-sulfur batteries faces some barriers and therefore hinder the process. The intrinsic insulating nature of sulfur and the high migration properties of polysulfides are complex issues to be overcome. To address these problems, we demonstrate a novel fabrication to develop nanocomposite sulfur cathode for overcoming the issue mentioned above. The nickel–sulfur nanocomposite features a lightweight nickel nanoshell on the surface of sulfur particle, which offers high electrical conductivity, electrocatalytic capability, and polysulfide-trapping capability.

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