豪雨期間之高含砂濃度的洪水現象，影響水利設施與水資源利用。因為洪水之懸浮載輸運率與變量流水理性質有關，故流量-懸浮載率定曲線只代表一粗略的平均關係。應用集水區沖蝕及沉滓輸運數學模式可推測較可靠的懸浮載輸運率。但數學模式演算較為費時。故為降雨期間水資源利用之需要，應發展可迅速推測懸浮載濃度及產砂量的方法。
每一個集水區的地形、地貌、土壤、地質與水系分佈等地文特性造成該集水區獨特之降雨期間土壤沖淤與沉滓輸運特性，因此對特定之集水區在每一降雨事件過程中的懸浮載輸運與產砂量主要受降雨特性的影響，本研究旨在發展特定集水區降雨事件之降雨特性與懸浮載尖峯濃度與產砂量之關係，建立特定集水區降雨事件懸浮載尖峯濃度與產砂量之預測模式，以提供水利設施之運轉策略之研擬。
因降雨事件之雨量需超過初期損失量及入滲量，才會形成地表逕流沖蝕地表土壤挾運入河，本研究發展降雨期間以入滲係數及降雨強度計算入滲量的方法。由於土壤含水量影響入滲率，故由歷史降雨事件之臨前降雨指數 及水文站流量歷線之基流分離，可得出水文站集水區之 與入滲係數的關係式，並應用於預測降雨事件發生期間之集水區入滲係數及入滲率。
本研究由有關洪水期間之懸浮載量測報告推論影響降雨事件之懸浮載尖峯濃度之重要因子包括降雨事件之第一個尖峯降雨強度 、降雨沖蝕因子 及臨前降雨指數 ；由有關降雨事件之產砂量量測報告之檢討，推論影響降雨事件之懸浮載產砂量的重要因子包括降雨事件之降雨量 、懸浮載產砂量因子 及臨前降雨指數 。
本研究以高屏溪上游主流荖濃溪六龜水文站集水區為測試案例，探討上述懸浮載尖峯濃度及產砂量預測方法之實用性。因六龜站雖有流量歷線記錄，但沒有連續的懸浮載量測記錄，因此本研究應用地文性土壤沖淤模式模擬1998 -2004共9場降雨事件以檢定模式參數，並以1995與2001之2場降雨事件驗證模式參數之檢定結果，顯示地文性土壤沖淤模式及本研究發展之變動入滲率可有效模擬降雨期間之入滲率及洪流現象。
由上述9場檢定事件模擬之懸浮載輸運率歷線及產砂量之分析結果，檢定適用於六龜水文站之懸浮載尖峯濃度及產砂量之預測公式，進而以2場降雨事件驗證，顯示預測公式具有良好的實用性。發生於民國98年之莫拉克颱風豪雨，雖沒有流量記錄以驗證洪水流量模擬結果，但由模擬結果之懸浮載尖峯濃度及產砂量與預測公式預測值頗符合，顯示具有良好的實用性。

During storm events, high suspended sediment concentration in flood waters affects hydraulic facilities and use of water resources. As the suspended sediment transport rate is related to hydraulic properties of unsteady flows, the discharge-suspended sediment transport rate rating curve can only reflect an average relationship between them roughly. A more credible suspended sediment transport rate can be predicted by using mathematical models for erosion-deposition in catchments and sediment transport. In light of time-consuming calculations of these mathematical models, however, methods capable of estimating suspended sediment concentration and sediment yield rapidly should be developed to meet needs for use of water resources during storm events.
Catchments’ physiographical characteristics, including topography, landform, soil and stream patterns, lead to unique characteristics of soil-deposition and sediment transport in the catchments during storm events, therefore, for a specific catchment, the suspended sediment transport and sediment yield are mainly affected by rainfall characteristics during every storm event. This study is intended to develop a correlation of rainfall characteristics with suspended sediment peak concentration and sediment yield and to build a model for estimating suspended sediment peak concentration and sediment yield for a specific catchment during storm events, so as to assist in working out the operational strategies of hydraulic facilities.
During storm events, the rainfall will generate surface runoffs that scour the surface soil and bring the soil into rivers only after exceeding the initial loss and infiltration, thus, a method is developed in this study to estimate the infiltration by using infiltration coefficients and rainfall intensity. As soil moisture has impact on the infiltration rate, the relation between the antecedent precipitation index and the infiltration coefficient of catchments in an observation station can be concluded from in the past storm processes and base flow separation of the flow hydrograph of the observation station, and such relation can be used to predict the infiltration coefficient and infiltration rate of the catchments when storm events occur.
In this study, it is concluded from measurement reports on suspended sediment in storm processes that important factors affecting peak suspended sediment concentration also include the first peak rainfall intensity , rainfall erosion factor and antecedent precipitation index during storm events. Through examination of measurement reports of sediment yield during storm events, it is concluded that important factors that affect suspended sediment yield should include rainfall amount , suspended sediment yield factor and antecedent precipitation index during storm events.
This study focuses on the catchment of Liau-Kwei observation station along Laonong River — a mainstream in the upper reaches of Gaoping River—as a pilot example to explore applicability of the aforesaid methods for estimating peak suspended sediment concentration and sediment yield. Given that Liau-Kwei observation station has records of flow hydrograph but does not have continuous measurement records of suspended sediment, this study adopts the Physiographic Soil Erosion-Deposition Model to simulate nine storm events during 1998-2004 to examine the parameters used in the model, and selects two storm events occurring in 1995 and 2001 respectively to verify examination results of the parameters. The results show that the Physiographic Soil Erosion-Deposition Model and the variable infiltration rate developed in this study are effective in simulating infiltration rate and flooding during storm events.
Based on the above-mentioned analysis results of simulated suspended sediment transport rate hydrograph and sediment yield during the examined nine storm events, the study examines the prediction formulas applicable to peak suspended sediment concentration and sediment yield at Liau-Kwei observation station and verifies the formulas with two storm events, and the results indicate good applicability of these formulas. Though no flow measurement data is available to validate simulation results of flood flows for the storm event occurring during Typhoon Morakot in 2009, the prediction formulas still indicate good applicability as the relation between peak suspended sediment concentration and rainfall characteristics factors conforms to the prediction formulas, based on the simulation results.

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