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研究生： 黃冠傑
Huang, Guan-Jie
論文名稱： 利用聲光調製器達成GHz範圍的頻率調變
Achieving Gigahertz-Range Frequency Modulation Using an Acousto-Optic Modulator
指導教授： 管培辰
Kuan, Pei-Chen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 物理學系
Department of Physics
論文出版年： 2025
畢業學年度： 113
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 75
中文關鍵詞： 電磁波誘發透明 、聲光調製器 、電光調製器
外文關鍵詞： Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT), Acousto-Optic Modulator(AOM), Electro-Optical Modulator(EOM)
相關次數： 點閱：22  下載：2 
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    • 我們參考一組新的雷射頻率偏移方案，透過飽和吸收回饋系統偏移80MHz，在此基礎上使用一個12次通過的204.64 MHz 聲光調製器 (AOM, Acousto-Optic Modulator)。為了提高我們進行熱銣原子實驗中電磁波誘發透明(EIT, Electromagnetically Induced Transparency)量測 EIT 訊號的頻率穩定性以及更窄的線寬變化，相較於電光調製器(EOM, Electro-Optical Modulator) 產生的頻率位移，再透過 Etalon 濾波器，所產生的不穩定度，這個AOM系統相較於傳統的聲光調製方案展現出更佳的穩定度。

    入射雷射光束被一組12次通過的204.64 MHz 聲光調製器，探測光的頻率被偏移2.45568 GHz，再經過 2 次通過的 210 MHz 聲光調製器和單通 80 MHz 聲光調製器作為開關。最終，兩道光之間的頻率差值可精確對應於銣85原子D1-Line超精細結構中F=2到F=3的能階位移。

    We adopt a laser frequency-shifting scheme in which an initial offset of 80 MHz is introduced via a saturated absorption feedback system. Building upon this, we implement a 12-pass 204.64 MHz acousto-optic modulator (AOM) to enhance the frequency stability and spectral purity of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) signals observed in a thermal 85Rb vapor cell. Compared to the frequency shifts generated by an electro-optic modulator (EOM), the 12-pass AOM scheme exhibits improved long-term stability, owing to the lower sensitivity of AOMs to temperature drifts and drive-voltage fluctuations, and induces less residual amplitude modulation, leading to a narrower effective EIT linewidth.

    In our setup, the incident laser beam is up-shifted by 2.45568 GHz after twelve passes through the 204.64 MHz AOM. The beam then traverses a secondary 210 MHz AOM in a double-pass configuration, adding 420 MHz, and subsequently passes through a single-pass 80 MHz AOM. The net shift of about 2.95568 GHz closely matches the ground-state hyperfine splitting between the F = 2 and F = 3 levels of the 85Rb D1 transition, thereby establishing precise two-photon resonance conditions for the Λ-type EIT.

    By combining a large total frequency shift, superior stability, and ease of tuning in a compact optical layout, the 12-pass AOM system provides a robust alternative to conventional single-pass AOM or EOM solutions for high-resolution EIT experiments.

    摘要 i SUMMARY ii INTRODUCTION iii METHODS iv 0.0.1 12-Pass AOM Optical Path Setup iv RESULT AND DISCUSSION viii 0.0.2 Optical Throughput Efficiency of the 12-Pass AOM System viii 0.0.3 Optical Path Design and Bandwidth Characteristics viii 0.0.4 Stability Comparison x 0.0.5 Linewidth Comparison Between AOM and EOM xi CONCLUSION xii 致謝 xiii 1 緒論 1 1.1 簡介 1 1.2 動機 2 1.3 聲光調變器與高頻偏移技術 3 1.4 12 次通過 AOM 系統 4 2 基本原理 5 2.1 電磁波誘發透明 5 2.1.1 基本原理 5 2.1.2 理論模型 6 2.1.3 模型假設與主方程組 8 2.1.4 線性極化率與群速度 9 2.1.5 都卜勒與碰撞展寬修正 9 2.1.6 非線性效應與應用 10 2.2 頻率調變 11 2.2.1 相位調變場的傅立葉展開 11 2.2.2 邊帶功率分佈與調變效率 11 2.2.3 模擬 β–功率曲線 11 2.2.4 EOM 調變光場通過 Fabry–Pérot Etalon 的頻譜響應 12 2.2.5 Etalon 頻率響應及選擇性分析 13 2.2.6 與多通 AOM 頻移之比較 14 2.3 考察線寬 15 2.3.1 都卜勒增寬 15 2.3.2 都卜勒窄化 16 2.3.3 碰撞增寬 17 2.3.4 迪克窄化 18 2.3.5 拉姆齊窄化 20 2.3.6 線寬總整理 22 3 實驗架設 23 3.1 銣原子 23 3.1.1 銣原子能階 23 3.1.2 雷射鎖頻與飽和吸收光譜 25 3.1.3 頻率位移設置 27 3.2 光路架設 28 3.2.1 原設置 EIT 熱原子光路 28 3.2.2 12 通 AOM 光路架設 29 3.2.3 法拉第旋轉隔離器 32 3.2.4 格蘭–泰勒型偏振器 33 3.2.5 新設置 EIT 熱原子光路 34 3.2.6 磁場屏蔽 35 3.2.7 脈衝設置 36 4 實驗結果與討論 37 4.1 12 通 AOM 光路效率 37 4.2 光路設計與頻寬特性 38 4.3 穩定性測試 39 4.3.1 EOM 透過 Etalon 濾波的穩定度 39 4.3.2 12-pass AOM 穩定度 40 4.3.3 比較穩定度 41 4.4 EIT 訊號線寬變化 42 4.4.1 12-pass AOM 利用 200 MHz AOM 作為開關 42 4.4.2 12-pass AOM 利用 80 MHz AOM 作為開關 44 4.4.3 EOM 透過 Etalon 濾波後的 EIT 訊號 46 4.4.4 比較線寬 48 第5章 結論與未來展望 49 5.1 結論 49 5.2 未來展望 50 參考文獻 51

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