工程專案執行時，營建公司會在得標前及得標後分析招標文件如圖說及其他專案資料，並依據過去之工程經驗判斷所需進行之工作項目，進行不同程度的成本估算，並做為日後分包的依據，然而由於工程專案越來越複雜及龐大，且工程執行環境易受相當多不確定因素的影響，產生如遺漏工程項目、低估施作數量、錯估工作項目內容、無法及時反應設計變更或價格波動等與分包作業相關的問題，進而影響專案的執行及獲利。目前營建業應用建築資訊模型（Building Information Modeling, BIM）擷取工程施作數量以提升分包作業效率與降低疏失，然而由於應用內容的解析不夠周全、工項內容定義無標準、造成擷取的資訊不足或難以利用，仍須應用或開發軟體處理以滿足分包作業需求且不易根據實際現況快速調整分包內容。

為改善上述問題，本研究首先解析工程分包知識與相關資訊需求，並利用知識本體論（Ontology）架構呈現分包工項與 BIM 模型元件之關聯，接著建立以工程分包為基礎之知識本體模型，透過此知識本體模型推論 BIM 建模規則，以此為規則建構 BIM 模型或檢驗已建構之 BIM 模型是否滿足分包需求，並針對不易建構之模型元件發展參數化設計模組建構之，增加模型建構效率，最後從滿足分包需求之 BIM模型自動擷取出資訊至工程分包知識本體模型並將其應用於分包作業，提供不同情境下進行分包規劃及管理作業。

Construction companies need to analyze construction documents, such as drawings and specifications, to identify the required work items and the associated costs according to the similar projects to submit the bid price before the project is awarded. Those required work items are then further decomposed into more detailed subdivisions to determine the work packages for subcontracting after the project is awarded. However, as construction projects become larger and more complex, the above process could be time-consuming and lead to mistakes, such as wrongly estimating quantity of the work items, omitting work items, and so on. Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been used to derive the information for the construction project. One of the most important features of BIM is quantity takeoff. Although BIM can improve the process of quantity takeoff, the information obtained from the BIM may not be sufficient enough to determine the costs of work packages for subcontracting due to the poor specification of developing BIM. In addition, ontology has been recognized to effectively define the information required according to the knowledge applied, which is helpful in determining the data specifications for BIM development.
Therefore, this study takes advantages of ontology and BIM to improve the process of generating construction work packages. First, an analysis of the required information for determining work packages is conducted to establish the relationships between the work items and the associated BIM elements. Then, an ontology is developed to infer the BIM information demand for work packages according to the analysis above. In addition, an application is built to make sure the BIM model developed can meet the requirement of determining work packages. This application can not only check the BIM developed by the rules obtained from the ontology but also modify the BIM developed to satisfy the requirement for work packaging. Furthermore, the work packages are generated automatically based on the information derived from the BIM model. Result shows, with the proposed approach, the process and the quality of subcontracting could be effectively and efficiently improved.

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