台灣地區因地狹人稠，且人口大多集中於都會區，因此造就以具高機動性及節省成本的速克達機車(Scooter)作為主要交通工具之獨特交通文化，但也使得機車成為台灣地區肇事數量最多的車種。都會區道路行人密集度高，於道路上之活動空間常與機車重疊共用，造成行人與機車之意外事故頻繁，而行人與機車意外事故中，以機車輪胎與機車前方車體為最易與行人下肢碰觸，對行人下肢造成傷害之部位；此外，機車行駛於路面顛簸或濕滑的狀態下，容易發生自摔傾倒之情況，而傾倒過程可能會壓迫騎士下肢形成傷害。根據案例研究統計，於機車之交通意外事故中，以人體下肢為最容易受傷之部位，其常見之傷害型態為骨折、膝關節與足踝關節之肌腱或韌帶等軟組織損傷，雖致命率低，但復健所需時間冗長，且耗費大量醫療成本，因此對其嚴重性不可忽視。
汽車產業於人體傷害的研究發展行之有年，碰撞人偶無論在試驗方法、傷害評估與生物反應上皆已成熟，本研究以歐洲促進汽車安全委員會(European Enhanced Vehicle-Safety Committee; EEVC)所訂定出之次系統測試方法，採用汽車產業所使用之行人下肢衝擊器和碰撞人偶之下肢，將傷者與機車之意外事故分成各種不同撞擊情形，進行機車對行人下肢碰撞和機車自傾倒壓迫騎士下肢的模擬與傷害評估，藉此了解並討論各種機車意外事故對人體下肢的傷害風險。
受限於機車外型與結構，機車可安裝之保護裝置相較於汽車種類少，而且目前皆以保護機車騎士為主，另外因其成本因素，所以一般鮮少安裝在價錢較低廉之通勤用輕型機車上，而關於行人下肢受機車撞擊之傷害目前並無相關保護措施可提供防護。本研究根據所模擬出之傷害評估，設計可安裝於機車前方，專對行人下肢的保護裝置，並針對保護裝置之材料性質與吸能機構進行探討，使用田口品質方法進行控制因子水準之配置，分析各控制因子對行人下肢的影響，經由各模擬結果評估後，配置出最佳因子水準，得到最佳保護裝置系統組合。最後經過模擬與分析之結果，本研究之保護裝置可有效降低機車前撞對行人下肢所造成之傷害程度。

Taiwan is an island terrain with high population density. In addition, population is mostly concentrated in the city, causing the city with heavy traffic. For conveniences, the scooter became the main commuting vehicle for the people of Taiwan and this phenomenon is resulting in the unique culture of the traffic in Taiwan. But at the same time pedestrians and scooters accidents often occur on city roads in Taiwan. According to research statistics, lower limbs are the most commonly injured human body region in motorcycle or scooter accidents. Bone fractures, ligament and tendon strain in knee and ankle are among these injury mechanisms. These injuries are usually nonfatal, but it needs to take a lengthy recovery time and has to spend a lot of medical expenses. Therefore, the seriousness can’t be ignored.
In automobile industry, crash test dummies are commonly used as a tool to measure human injuries due to collision for years and mandated in many countries. Therefore, crash test dummies are reliable in replicating responses and assessing injuries for the human. In this study, an adapted dummy sub-system injury assessment method based on the regulation of EEVC (European Enhanced Vehicle-Safety Committee) is proposed to simulate and evaluate the injuries of pedestrians’ and scooter riders’ lower limb. Furthermore, the study is classified into a variety of crash environments in order to understand the human lower limb injury in various scooter accident situations.
Due to the shape and structure, the protection devices used in scooters are less than automobiles. Also, they are generally rarely installed because of the low cost of the scooter. To avoid the pedestrian lower limb injury from the motorcycle crash, there is no protective devices can be provided currently. In this study, a prototype device which can be used in front of the scooter to protect the pedestrian lower limb is proposed. Based on the Taguchi method, the parameter level configuration is adjusted and each control factor for pedestrian lower limb injuries is analyzed. Through the analysis of the simulation results, the optimal factor level is configured to obtain the best protective device combination. Finally, the protection device can effectively reduce pedestrian lower limb injuries according to the outcome resulting from the simulation.

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