由於營建專案日趨龐大及複雜，為了滿足專案管理團隊對資訊管理的需求，3D、4D、BIM (Building Information Model)等資訊管理技術不斷興起。以BIM的精神為基礎所發展出來的多維度模型(MD Model)，在專案資訊整合、專案排程模式及施工管控的應用上已顯現初步成效【Feng and Chen, 2006】，但該研究初步僅針對結構工程中之建物構件及施工內容進行探討。本研究擬以裝潢工程為範疇，建立裝潢工程元件的建構規則，期能充實多維度建物元件庫，擴大MD Model的應用範疇。
本研究先以構件(Element)及空間(Space)為基本單元，建立專案的PBS (Product Breakdown Structure)，然後將每個空間內的裝潢工程元件一一拆卸並紀錄列表，接著根據施工法或材料性質的要求，建立每個元件與其它裝潢工程元件的相依關係，最後以桿狀圖(Bar Chart)為工具，藉由反覆檢討裝潢工程元件間相依關係的邏輯性來調整裝潢工程元件的尺度，直到所有裝潢工程元件都是最適尺度為止。將這些裝潢工程元件以工程類別分類，建立裝修工程的WBS (Work Breakdown Structure)，此WBS除了可作為多維度建物元件3D圖檔的歸檔分類外，亦可作為訂定分包商合約之合約項目的參考。
運用本建構規則建構裝潢工程元件時，其過程兼顧了元件的幾何面向、行為面向、時間面向及實體面向屬性，符合多維度建物元件(MD Object)的基本要求，因此依本建構規則產出的裝潢工程元件應可適用於MD Model。

關鍵詞：建物資訊模型、多維度模型、多維度建物元件、裝潢工程

Due to the magnitude and complexity of modern construction projects and the needs of the project management teams for information management, the various information management technologies (Such as 3D、4D、BIM…etc.) emerged in recent years. Although MD model based on BIM presented the efficiency and effectiveness in information integration, schedule modeling and construction management 【Feng and Chen, 2006】, but the research was simply focused on the structural components of Buildings. This study intends to develop the rules for creating building objects of interior-finishing project, and expect to enrich the MD object database to extend the MD model’s application areas.
At beginning, the study employs “element” and “space” as basic units to build project’s PBS (Product Breakdown Structure), then to dismount all the interior-finishing objects from space units and list them in a tabular form, after that, depending on the construction materials or methods, to determine the dependencies between objects. Finally, using Bar Chart to check the dependencies between objects iteratively to adjust the objects’ size until all the objects reach appropriate size. Structuring and organizing the objects into a WBS (Work Breakdown Structure), the WBS not only could be the classification of MD objects, but also could be the contract items of subcontracts.
When utilizing the rules to create interior-finishing objects, geometric, behavioral, time and physical attributes are under consideration, which is meeting MD objects’ basic requirements, so the interior-finishing objects created according to the rules should be applied to MD Model.

Keywords: Building information model, Multi-dimensional model, MD building object, Interior-finishing project

[1] Anwar, N., Kanok-Nukulchai, W., Batanov, D. N., “Component-based, information oriented structural engineering applications”, ASCE Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 19 (1), pp. 45-57, (2005).
[2] Barrett, P., “Construction management pull for 4D CAD”, Proceedings of ASCE Construction Congress: VI. Building Together, Orlando, Florida, February 20-22, pp. 977-983, (2000).
[3] buildingSMART Web Site http://www.buildingsmart.com/, (2009).
[4] Caldas, C. H., Soibelman, L., Han, J., “Automated classification of construction project documents”, ASCE Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 16 (4), pp. 234-243, (2002).
[5] Caldas, C. H., Soibelman, L., “Automating hierarchical document classification for construction management information systems”, Automation in Construction, 12 (4), pp. 395-406, (2003).
[6] Caldas, C. H., Soibelman, L., Gasser, L., “Methodology for the integration of project documents in model-based information systems”, ASCE Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 19 (1), pp. 25-33, (2005).
[7] Chau, K. W., Anson, M., Zhang, J. P., “Four-dimensional visualization of construction scheduling and site utilization”, Construction Engineering and Management, 130 (4), pp. 598-606, (2004).
[8] Chau, K. W., Anson, M., Zhang, J. P., “4D dynamic construction management and visualization software: 1. Development”, Automation in Construction, 14 (4), pp. 512- 524, (2005).
[9] Cornick, T., “Quality Management for Building Design”, Butterworth Architecture Management Guides, (1990).
[10] Darwiche, A., Levitt, R. E., Hayes, R. B., “OARPLAN: generating project plans by reasoning about object, action, and resource”, AI EDAM, 2 (3), pp. 169-181, (1988).
[11] Dawood, N., Sriprasert, E., Mallasi, Z., Hobbs, B., “Development of an integrated information resource base for 4D/VR construction processes simulation”, Automation in Construction, 12 (2), pp. 123-131, (2002).
[12] Dawood, N., Akinsola, A., Hobbs, B., “Development of automated communication of system for managing site information using internet technology”, Automation in Construction, 11 (5), pp. 557-572, (2002a).
[13] Faraj, I., Alshawi, M., “A modularised integrated computer environment for the construction industry: SPACE”, Electronic Journal of Information Technology in Construction, 4, pp. 37-52, (1999).
[14] Feng, C. W., Chen, Y. J., “Using MD CAD Objects to Integrate Information for Construction Projects”, Proceedings of ICCEM, Korea, pp.515-519, (2005).
[15] Feng, C. W., Chen, Y. J., “Using MD CAD Objects to Automatically Generate A Contract-Driven Schedule”, Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, Tokyo, Japan, October 3-5, pp.740-745, (2006).
[16] Froese, T., “Future directions for model-based interoperability, Proc.”, ASCE Construction Research Congress, Reston, Va., (2003).
[17] GSA, “Building Information Modeling Guide Series: 01-GSA BIM Guide Overview, The National 3D-4D-BIM Program Office of the Chief Architect Public Buildings Service, <http://www.gsa.gov/bim>, (2009).
[18] Halfawy, M., Froese, T., “Building integrated architecture/engineering/construction systems using smart objects: methodology and implementation”, J. Comput. Civ. Eng., ASCE, 19 (2), pp.172-181, (2005).
[19] Hajjar, D., AbouRizk, S. M., “Integrating document management with project and company data”, ASCE Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 14 (1), pp. 70-77, (2000).
[20] Hegazy, T., Zaneldin, E., Grierson, D., “Improving design coordination for building projects I: information model”, ASCE Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 127 (4), pp.322-329, (2001).
[21] ISO, “Part 1: Overview and Fundamental Principles”, International Standard, Geneva, (1995).
[22] Koo, B., Fischer, M., “Feasibility study of 4D CAD in commercial construction”, ASCE Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 126 (4), pp. 251-260, (2000).
[23] Liu, D., Cheng, J., Law, K. H., Wiederhold, G., Sriram, R. D., “Engineering information service infrastructure for ubiquitous computing”, ASCE Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 17 (4), pp. 219-229, (2003).
[24] Navinchandra, D., Sriram, D., Logcher, R. D., “GHOST: project network generator”, ASCE Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 3 (2), pp. 239-254, (1988).
[25] Rezgui Y., Brown, A., Cooper, G., Aouad, G., Kirkham, J., Brandon, P., “An integrated framework for evolving construction models”, , <http://www.salford.ac.uk/iti/projects/commit/papers/ifecm/ifecm.html>, pp. 1-12, (1995).
[26] Rezgui Y., Cooper, G., “A proposed open infrastructure for construction project document sharing”, Electronic Journal of ITcon, 3, pp. 11-24, (1998).
[27] Rojas, E. M. , Songer, A. D., “Web-centric system: a new paradigm for collaborative engineering”, ASCE Journal of Management in Engineering , 15 (1), pp. 39-45, (1999).
[28] Schwegler, B., Fischer, M., Liston, K., “New information technology tools enable productivity improvements”, Proceedings for AISC, January, (2000).
[29] Shaked, O., Warszawski, A., “Knowledge-based system for construction planning of high-rise buildings”, ASCE Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 121 (2), pp. 172-182, (1995).
[30] Tayler, A. M., Aouad, G., ”Moving beyond the fourth dimension with IFC-based single project database”, Automation in Construction, 14 (1), pp.15-32, (2005).
[31] Teicholz, P., “Vision of future practice”, Berkeley-Stanford Workshop on Defining a Research Agenda for AEC Process/Product Development in 2000 and Beyond, Stanford, CA, (1999).
[32] Waly, A. F., Thabet, W. Y., “A virtual construction environment for preconstruction planning”, Automation in Construction, 12, pp. 139-154, (2002).
[33] Wang, H. J., Zhang, J. P., Chau, K.W., Anson, M., “4D dynamic management for construction planning and resource utilization”, Automation in Construction, 13, pp.575-589, (2004).
[34] Winstanley, G., Chacon, M. A., Levitt, R. E., “An integrated project planning environment”, Intelligent Systems Engineering, Summer, pp. 91-106, (1993).
[35] Zaneldin, E., Hegazy, T., Grierson, D., “Improving design coordination for building project”, Construction Engineering and Management, 127 (4), pp. 330-336, (2001).
[36] 黃政家，「應用專案資訊模型於重複性排程模式之研究」，國立成功大學土木工程研究所，碩士論文，2008。
[37] 黃俊儒，「應用專案多維度模型建構以合約項目為基礎之自動排程模式」，國立成功大學土木工程研究所，碩士論文，2007。
[38] 魏誥辰，「應用多維度建築圖形元件於營建專案分包商資訊管理之研究」，國立成功大學土木工程研究所，碩士論文，2005。