高雄輕軌為台灣首座通車的輕軌運輸系統，服務於人口密集、交通繁忙的市中心，為市民提供另一種大眾運輸之選擇，但同時也對於輕軌路口造成大量交通運輸風險。虛驚事件為完整事故序列中最接近事故最終狀態之截斷，若無法剔除則會演變成事故，而在交通運輸當中，駕駛員可以採取緊急行動以避免事故的發生。雖然民國110年僅有11起輕軌與公路車輛之碰撞事故，卻有著7219件之虛驚事件，使輕軌列車與公路車輛時常行駛於風險交通環境之中，過多的虛驚事件也對輕軌駕駛造成巨大的工作壓力，甚至需要就醫。由於虛驚事件與事故的成因有些許的共同點，因此可以透過虛驚事件之學習，除了了解虛驚事件之成因，更可以減少事故的發生。
本研究將對於輕軌虛驚事件之風險進行探討與評估，以零膨脹卜瓦松(Zero-inflated Poisson, ZIP)分析虛驚事件之發生頻率與其因子以及藉由侵入後時間 (Post encroachment time, PET)進行虛驚事件嚴重度之量化與分級，以風險優先指數(Risk Priority Number, RPN)的嚴重度、發生機率之乘積進行輕軌列車通過路口時之風險評估，分析危險行駛情境。研究結果顯示，於研究路口每兩小時至少發生一次虛驚事件之機率為19%；與輕軌列車行駛方向相同之汽機車較容易發生虛驚事件；右轉侵入輕軌軌道之車輛較容易產生虛驚事件，而於直行綠燈與轉向綠燈分開之路口也同樣的較容易發生虛驚事件。此外，處於綠燈起步狀態，位於輕軌列車左側欲右轉侵入軌軌道之車輛於路口對輕軌列車造成最大之虛驚風險。

Kaohsiung Light Rail is the first operational light rail transportation system of Taiwan, introducing a significant amount of transportation risk at its intersections. Failure to eliminate near-miss incidents could lead to their escalation into accidents. Light rail drivers can take emergency actions to prevent accidents. Although there were only 11 collisions between the light rail and road vehicles in the year 2021, there were 7219 near-miss incidents, resulting in frequent operation of light rail trains and vehicles within a high-risk traffic environment.
This study utilizes a Zero-Inflated Poisson analysis to examine the frequency and factors influencing near-miss incidents. It also quantifies and categorizes the severity of these incidents using Post-Encroachment Time and employs a Risk Priority Number for assessing the risk when light rail trains pass through intersections. The research findings indicate that there is a 19% probability of at least one near-miss incident occurring every two hours. Vehicles moving in the same direction as the light rail train, making right turns onto the light rail track, and intersections with only a green light for straight-through traffic are more susceptible to near-miss incidents. Additionally, vehicles situated on the left side of the light rail train, intending to make a right turn onto the track while the light is green, pose the highest level of near-miss risk to the light rail train.

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