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研究生：	楊忠漢 Yohanes,
論文名稱：	鋼結構建築於不同火場擴散下之實例研究 The Case Study of Steel Buildings under Various Travelling Fire Scenarios
指導教授：	鍾興陽 Chung, Hsin-Yang
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2012
畢業學年度：	100
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	269
中文關鍵詞：	耐火鋼、鋼構建築、耐火性能、擴散式火場、後挫屈分析
外文關鍵詞：	Fire-Resistant Steel, Steel Framed Building, Fire-Resistant Performance, Travelling Fire, Post Buckling Analysis
相關次數：	點閱：192 下載：0
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本研究以三維非線性有限元素程式來模擬一棟七層樓的鋼構大樓受擴散式火場侵襲時的結構行為。針對此鋼構大樓，本研究亦探討四種利用耐火鋼配置於不同梁柱系統的高溫補強策略，利用此四種高溫補強策略分別補強後的鋼構大樓與原未補強的鋼構大樓，將受到各種擴散式火場的測試，藉以評估各種高溫補強策略的耐火表現。原未補強的鋼構大樓乃依照2005年AISC-LRFD規範與台灣耐震規範所設計，而用來測試的擴散式火場總共有七種，包含四種水平式擴散火場和三種垂直式擴散火場，而此七種火場將分別測試五棟七層樓的鋼構大樓，此五棟鋼構大樓在幾何尺寸與構件尺寸皆相同，其中一棟為未用耐火鋼補強的普通鋼大樓，另外四棟大樓則分別利用四種高溫補強策略，以耐火鋼來進行高溫補強。在本研究中，每一種擴散式火場將以居室為單位，擴散至鄰近的居室，間隔10分鐘，在每一個著火的居室，空間內的所有結構桿件將受到CNS 12514 (ISO-834)的升溫曲線加溫。數值模擬結果顯示：擴散式火場中受熱的柱構件將受到額外的壓力作用，此額外的壓力來自受熱柱構件的膨脹效應與其他構件的束制效應，而此額外的壓力將隨著溫度的增加而增加柱的高溫挫屈強度，當達到柱的高溫挫屈強度後，此額外的壓力將降低並移轉至鄰近未破壞的柱構件，此外，數值模擬結果亦顯示：若本案例所研究的七層樓鋼構建築受到水平擴散式火場侵襲，其內柱全部使用耐火鋼將是最具成本效益的高溫補強策略，然而，若此鋼構建築受到由強軸向開燃的垂直擴散式火場侵襲時，其全部柱都使用耐火鋼將是最具成本效益的高溫補強策略。

This study utilized a three-dimensional nonlinear finite-element program to simulate the structural behavior of a seven-story steel framed building subjected to fire travelling within the building. This study also investigated four high-temperature strengthening strategies of allocating fire-resistant steel columns and beams in the seven-story steel framed building under various travelling fire scenarios in order to evaluate the fire-resistant performance of each strategy. The original seven-story steel framed building, not using any fire-resistant steel columns and beams, was designed according to the 2005 AISC-LRFD Specification and Taiwan’s Seismic Provisions. Seven travelling fire scenarios, including four horizontally travelling fire scenarios and three vertically travelling fire scenarios, were employed in this study to test the original steel building and the other four fire-resistant steel strengthened steel buildings. In each travelling fire scenario, fire spread compartment by compartment in the building with a time delay of 10 minutes. In each building compartment on fire, the structural components within the compartment were heated up using the CNS 12514 (ISO-834) temperature-time curve. The numerical simulation results showed that travelling fire caused additional compressive forces for the heated columns due to the thermal expansion effect from the heated columns and the restraint effect from the other structural elements. As the temperature increased, the compressive forces in the heated columns increased up to the high-temperature buckling loads. After reaching the buckling loads, the compression forces decreased and transferred to the adjacent columns that had not failed. The numerical simulation results also showed that using fire-resistant steel for the interior columns in our case study building under the horizontally travelling fire is the most cost-effective strategy. For the vertically travelling fire starting from the strong side of our case study building, using fire-resistant steel for all columns is the most cost-effective strategy.

ABSTRACT   I
摘要  II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT  III
TABLE OF CONTENTS  IV
LIST OF TABLES	VII
LIST OF FIGURES	X
NOMENCLATURE	XVII
CHAPTER 1	INTRODUCTION  1
1.	Background  1
2.	Research Objectives	2
3.	Research Methods	2
4.	Structure of Thesis	3
CHAPTER 2	LITERATURE REVIEW	5
1.	Steel Structure Behavior at High Temperatures	5
1.1.	Study on Structural Members	5
1.2.	Study on Complete Building	6
2.	Fire Resistant Steel	7
3.	Travelling Fire Scenario	8
CHAPTER 3	FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS THEORY	10
1.	Conversion of Engineering to True Stress and Strain 10
2.	Nonlinearity	12
2.1.	Introduction	12
2.2.	Newton-Rhapson Method	12
3.	Instability	14
3.1.	Introduction	14
3.2.	Modified Riks Method	15
3.3.	Artificial Viscous Damping Approach	16
3.4.	Viscous Damping Approach Compare to Modified Riks Method	17
4.	Elements	18
4.1.	Beam	19
4.2.	Shell	20
CHAPTER 4	STEEL STRUCTURE INTRODUCTION	25
1.	Geometry	25
2.	Sections	25
3.	Materials	26
3.1.	Steel Material	26
3.2.	Concrete Material	29
CHAPTER 5	NUMERICAL MODELLING	41
1.	Basic Assumptions	41
2.	Strengthening Strategies	42
3.	Fire Scenarios	42
3.1.	Horizontally Travelling Fire Scenarios	43
3.2.	Vertically Travelling Fire Scenario	44
4.	Abbreviations for the Case Studies	44
5.	Properties of Material	46
5.1.	Elastic Modulus	47
5.2.	Poisson’s Ratio	47
5.3.	Plastic Stress-Strain relationship	47
5.4.	Thermal expansion	48
6.	Step of Analysis	48
7.	Boundary Conditions	49
7.1.	Loading	49
7.2.	Boundary Setting	49
7.3.	Temperature Setting	49
8.	Element and Mesh	50
8.1.	Element and Mesh Selection	50
8.2.	Mesh Size Validation	50
9.	Analysis Result Visualization	51
CHAPTER 6	RESULTS	66
1.	Failure-Time Determination for Columns	66
2.	Horizontally Travelling Fire Results	67
2.1.	HS Fire Scenario	67
2.2.	HW Fire Scenario	72
2.3.	HM Fire Scenario	76
2.4.	HC Fire Scenario	80
3.	Vertically Travelling Fire Results	85
3.1.	VS Fire Scenario	85
3.2.	VW Fire Scenario	89
3.3.	VC Fire Scenario	94
CHAPTER 7	DISCUSSIONS	237
1.	Failure-Time Determination for the Building Structures	237
2.	Axial Force Comparison	237
3.	Comparison of Cost-Effectiveness	239
4.	Conclusions	240
CHAPTER 8	CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS	264
REFERENCES	267

                                    

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校內：2017-09-11公開
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