鋼軌研磨在近代軌道維護工作中，是一項關鍵的軌道維護技術，目的在保持鋼軌的表面滑順、平整與縱橫斷面之標準性，進而提高列車運行於鋼軌面的舒適性和安全性。
鋼軌研磨不僅能改善鋼軌表面的缺陷，如髮絲細紋與波狀磨耗等缺陷，並能改善列車運行之噪音與舒適度，如鋼軌踏面廓形修正，且有助於延長鋼軌的使用壽年等優勢。臺灣第一台自購之自動化磨軌車是從臺北捷運公司於2001年正式購入引進，開啟了台灣軌道業界對於鋼軌研磨的了解與應用，透過研磨鋼軌，不僅延長了鋼軌使用壽命，也大幅降低了運行噪音與列車振動，對提升乘客舒適度與行車安全性有顯著貢獻。目前台灣各家捷運公司及高鐵公司之軌道維修策略大多採用鋼軌研磨車(Rail Grinding Machine)進行鋼軌研磨作業。
本研究目的在說明鋼軌研磨的科學方法以及鋼軌研磨的工藝品質，探討採用鋼軌研磨與不採用鋼軌研磨對於鋼軌耐用年限的影響。
本研究選擇二組軌道線形相似之路段，一組為定期進行鋼軌研磨路段，一組為無進行鋼軌研磨路段，經過三年長期監測，差異比對鋼軌研磨對於鋼軌耐用年限之影響。再評估計算若不採取定期鋼軌研磨保養，當鋼軌磨耗達維修值再直接進行換軌之成本效益。
對於定期採用鋼軌研磨之軌道養護方式，將可延緩鋼軌磨耗生成並延長鋼軌換軌之時間，可做為軌道養護之參考。

Rail grinding is a crucial maintenance technique in modern railway systems, aimed at preserving the smoothness, flatness, and profile accuracy of rail surfaces. It improves ride comfort and operational safety by eliminating surface defects such as head checks and corrugation, reducing noise, and extending rail life.
In Taiwan, the introduction of the first automated rail grinding vehicle by Taipei Metro in 2001 marked a turning point in the adoption of this technology. This study investigates the scientific principles and technical quality of rail grinding, comparing the long-term effects of periodic grinding with no grinding.
Two track sections with similar alignment were monitored over three years—one with regular grinding and the other without.
Results show that regular rail grinding significantly prolongs rail service life and reduces maintenance costs. A cost-benefit analysis further demonstrates the economic advantage of preventive grinding over reactive rail replacement. These findings support the adoption of rail grinding as a standard maintenance strategy in Taiwan's railway systems.

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