目的：探討耐力跑步訓練對於成長中大鼠骨骼品質的影響。
方法：48隻七週大雄性大鼠，分成以下四組：控制組 (n=12, CON)、低強度跑步運動組(n=12, LOW)、高強度跑步運動組 (n=12, HIGH) 與飲食控制組 (n=12, DCON)。在八週耐力訓練過程中，高強度組由15m/min的跑步速度逐漸繒加至28m/min；低強度則由12m/min逐漸增加22m/min，所有運動組之動物每天運動一小時，每週五天，進行八週運動訓練。飲食控制組給予運動組平均飲食量，使體重能跟運動組維持同樣趨勢，其餘組別則採自由取食方式。每週記錄體重變化2次，完成八週運動訓練後，進行動物犧牲，所取得血液及骨組織分別進行以下變項分析：血清骨代謝指標、骨組織大小、骨組織重量、動態組織學、骨膠原排列、骨組織生物力學特性及以Micro-CT掃描進行組織型態學及骨密度分析。
結果：經過八週耐力運動訓練後，運動組與飲食控制組的體重明顯低於控制組 (p＜.05)；骨骼代謝指標四組皆無明顯差異；鈣離子、磷離子及類胰島素生長因子-I等參數上，飲食控制組明顯低於運動組與控制組(p＜.05)；皮質固醇 (corticosterones) 則在飲食控制組呈現較高的趨勢（p=0.057）。股骨3D掃描結果顯示，高強度運動組骨小梁厚度 (Tb.Th) 與其他組比較有較高趨勢；股骨組織測量相關數據顯示，控制組的股骨長度、橫斷面積、乾重皆高於其他三組 (p＜.05)，控制組在股骨斷面轉動慣量矩方面則大於低強度運動組 (p＜.05)，另外，控制組的股骨濕重明顯大於兩組運動組 (p＜.05)。在組織生物力學方面，控制組股骨的斷裂負荷與降服點負荷上，明顯優於低強度運動組，在材料特性層次上的生物力學特性，各組之間則無顯著差異。
結論：研究結果顯示八週耐力跑步訓練對於骨骼品質並無呈現負面的影響；為了使體重與運動組相同所進行之飲食控制，會致使動物部份生理指標上異於其他組別之動物，不適合做為正常控制組 (normal control group)。

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of endurance running on the bones quality. Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats (7 weeks old) were randomly assigned into four groups, which were control group (CON, n=12), high intensity running group (HIGH, n=12), low intensity running group (LOW, n=12), and diet control group (DCON, n=12). Animals in the HIGH and LOW groups underwent endurance training at speed of 15m/min~28m/min and 12m/min~22m/min, respectively, on the treadmill 5 days per week for 8weeks. To match the body weight gain of the exercise group, the DCON rats received mean quantity of chow consumed by exercise groups. Three days after the end of 8-week training program, all animals (15 weeks old) were killed under deep anesthetization. Blood and bone samples were collected and stored for further serum marker assay, tissue dynamic histology analysis, collagen organization of bone matrix and micro-CT 3D analysis.
Result：After an eight-week exercise training, body weight gain was significantly higher in the CON group as compared with other three groups. Bone metabolism markers showed no difference among four groups. In the DCON group, serum calcium, phosphorus, and IGF-I concentration were significantly different to other three groups. Furthermore, corticosterone was marginally higher in the DCON groups (p=0.057). The femur length, cross-sectional area, dry weight was higher in the CON group as compared with another three groups. And, CSMI of the CON group was significantly higher than the LOW group (p＜.05). Additionally, the CON group showed a significantly higher wet weight in femora. In biomechanical test, yield load and fracture load was higher in the CON group as compared with the LOW group. In tissue material properties level, no difference was shown among the groups. Dynamic histomorphometry and bone collagen organization showed no significant level among groups.
Conclusion: The study showed that the eight weeks endurance running showed no negative effects on bone quality；Calorie control diet in purpose of matching body weight between exercise and control animals might negatively influence normal bone development.

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