近年來，急診暴力或是醫療場所暴力事件頻繁發生。2011年7月衛生福利部要求全國設有急診室之醫院，須建置急診室五項安全防暴措施，內容包括(1)門禁管制；(2)派駐有24小時皆在勤之保全人員；(3)設有警民連線；(4)配合張貼反暴力海報；(5)將診療區與候診區作明顯之區隔，使之成為各自獨立空間。2013年，衛生福利部發函中華民國醫師公會全國聯合會，檢附「急診室滋擾醫療機構秩序或妨礙醫療業務案件通報與處置標準流程」，俾以提供醫院一因應暴力事件之標準作業流程。2014年《醫療法》第24條及第106條部分條文修正案終於三讀通過。這樣的修正，期能及時阻止「急診暴力」事件及「五大皆空」惡化的速度。

近年來台灣少有針對第一線急診醫師對於急診暴力事件看法之研究，本論文第一階段研究係針對南台灣在急診第一線執業的醫師進行問卷調查，研究結果顯示，曾經耳聞或眼見過同仁在急診室內遭受言語暴力者高達98.7%，曾經耳聞或眼見過同仁在急診室內遭受肢體暴力者則佔91.5%，曾親身經歷過言語暴力者有92%，而實際親身經歷肢體暴力這個部分，比例則為31.7%。暴力事件好發時段以小夜班為多數(65.2%)，暴力事件原因則以酒後滋事佔87.9%為最常見。而政府法律、院方支持與事後反應及政府公權力強制執行這三項變數，可明顯降低急診醫師因暴力事件離職的意願。

本論文第二階段研究乃佐以層級分析法(analytic hierarchy process , AHP)設計出策略架構，並透過專家問卷發放，獲得產官學界專家的寶貴意見，以相對重要性及可行性兩個面向，藉此決定「降低急診暴力」之策略發展定位圖，以及策略之執行優先次序。綜合上述分析結果，本研究發現「落實執行醫療法第24條及第106條修正案條文並評估其效益」、「醫院主動提供法律協助，並以院方立場進行法律訴訟」、「急診室內有24小時全職駐守的警衛或保全」、「有完整且定期演練的急診暴力應變計劃及個人訓練」、「急診室內各區架設24小時不間斷的監視攝影設備」、「依『急診室滋擾醫療機構秩序或妨礙醫療業務執行案件通報與處置標準流程』運作」等六項為目前首要執行的策略。故本研究結果可為全國各醫院提供一較完整處理急診暴力之架構、目標與策略，並佐以專家評估及第一線急診醫師之意見，俾能提供各大醫院在降低急診暴力事件之參考。

The unique function of the Emergency Department (ED) exposes it to increased risk of workplace violence, relative to other health care settings in literature reviews. Increased instances of violent events were reported in recent years, and in 2011, the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan requested all hospitals to make improvement measures for managing ED violence. In 2014, amendments to the Article 24 and Article 106 of the Medical Care Act in Taiwan were delivered. Emergency physicians were looking forward to the modification of Medical Care Act in hopes that it would lead to more effectiveness in decreasing the occurrences of violent events in the ED.
This study conducted a 2-step questionnaire survey. First, the study focused on the effect of governmental policy in preventing workplace violence in the ED and emergency physicians’ outlook about the official orders, and the impact of workplace violence on the physicians’ work. This study also used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine what could be effective strategies for decreasing workplace violence in the ED. The result suggests that the strategies in relation to law and legal consequence are most significant. The other effective strategies were: placement of full-time security personnel in the ED, safety education and training for employees, utilization of surveillance cameras to monitor the department facilities.

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