禾本科(Poaceae)是開花植物中相當大的一科，所含的物種有許多是重要的經濟或糧食作物；其中羊茅亞科(Pooideae)大約占其總數的三分之一，由於其種類多、分布廣，各學者亞科內分類上的意見常有分歧，而近似種多也造成了鑑定的難度。葉舌(ligule)為禾本科所具有的特殊構造，其表面擁有的微細構造具有作為分類特徵的可能性。本篇針對台灣產羊茅亞科的39個物種的葉舌進行研究，觀察其上的微細構造並記錄與分析。結果顯示，葉舌上所擁有的微細構造以刺毛(prickle hairs)及乳突狀細胞(papillate cells)為主；同物種葉舌中依據其分布部位的不同，細胞的大小比例及密度會有所不同，分布的趨勢在物種內類似。而不同物種間的差異主要在於刺毛或乳突狀細胞的有無、大小比例，而這些特徵經由歸群分析(clustering analysis)的結果可辨識不同物種的葉舌各自成群，顯示葉舌表面微細特徵可作為分類的依據之一。
歸群分析及主座標分析(principal coordinates analysis；PCo)的結果，也顯示葉舌的特徵可以將所研究的物種主要分為四大群，顯示葉舌具有分類應用上的潛力。未來可結合更多的非花部特徵以幫助禾草的鑑定及分類。

Poaceae is a pretty large family, containing a lot of economic and food crop. The Pooideae is a subfamily of the family Poaceae. It includes some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. This subfamily contains 3,300 species and is characterized by various features, which morphological characters have traditionally been the key criteria in making taxonomic decisions.
Anatomical and micromorphological features are very useful for taxonomic diagnosis. The morphology of the ligule, a fringe-like outgrowth of the leaf in grasses, is often used as a taxonomic trait because it is so polymorphic. The dorsal pubescence is often limited to certain definite hair groups which are of great value in substantiating determinations made on other features.
This research observed and recorded the micromorphological features of ligules of 39 species of Pooideae in Taiwan, showing that prickle hairs and papillate cells are main types of cells on ligules. The results of clustering analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCo) tell that chosen species can be identified and divided into four large groups through the status of micromorphological features.

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