本文探討一飽和侷限含水層，受到單井抽水影響時，其水頭變化及壓密沉陷量之歷時曲線。以非耦合方法分析此問題時，因受制於理論中許多假設及邊界條件的限制，且忽略了土壤三維壓密沉陷以及地下水在土層中三維流動狀態的影響，造成非耦合理論所預測的土體壓密沉陷量與現地量測值不符。因此，本研究將以Biot三維孔隙彈性理論為基礎，建立軸對稱的土層模型後，即以耦合方式同時求解孔隙水壓與土體沉陷量，加入與現地抽水情形較相似的邊界條件變化，將獲得更具真實性的沉陷量評估結果，並探討非耦合理論分析的適用性。

The research is mainly about a fully-saturate confined aquifer which is pumped through a single well and is developed for an axial symmetric model. As the pumping continued, the drawdown and consolidation of the aquifer will last changing. For the uncoupled analyses, there are assumptions to restrict the models in an infinite boundary, constant pumping rate, and a 2-dimensional flow in the aquifer, which make the estimated consolidation different with the reality. Therefore, the research will be based on the 3-dimensional poroelastic theory of Biot to solve the pore pressure and the settlement of the developed axial symmetric model in coupled numerical analysis, and put in some logical boundary conditions to make the models more suitable to predict the land subsidence, then make a further discussion on the applicability of the uncoupled analysis.

[1] Theis, C. V., "The Significance and Nature of the Cone of Depression in Groundwater Bodies," Economic Geology, vol. 33, 1938.
[2] Hantush, M. S., "Modification of the theory of Leaky Aquifer," Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 65, pp. 3713-3725, 1960.
[3] Javandel, I., and Witherspoon, P. A. "A method of analyzing transient fluid flow in multilayered aquifers," Water Resources Research, vol. 5, pp. 856-869, 1969.
[4] Neuman, S. P. and Witherspoon, P. A., "Theory of flow in a confined two aquifer system," Water Resources Research, vol. 5, pp. 803-&, 1969.
[5] Neuman, S. P. and Witherspoon, P. A., "Applicability of current theories of flow in leaky aquifers," Water Resources Research, vol. 5, pp. 817-&, 1969.
[6] Berdehoef, J. D., and Pinder, G.F., "Digital analysis of a real flow in multiaquifer groundwater systems: A quasi three-dimensional model," Water Resources Research, vol. 6, pp. 883-888, 1970.
[7] Chorley, D. W., and Frind, E. O., "An iterative quasi three dimension finite model for heterogeneous multi-aquifer systems," Water Resources Research, vol. 14, pp. 943-952, 1978.
[8] Neuman, S. P., and Preller, C., and Narasimhan, T. N., "Adaptive explicit-implicit quasi three-dimensional finite element model of flow and subsidence in multiaquifer systems," Water Resources Research, vol. 18, pp. 1151-1561, 1982.
[9] Vega, G. A., and Yamamoto, S., "Techniques for prediction of subsidence," Guide Book to Studies of Land Subsidence due to Groundwater Withdraw, pp. 205-216, 1984.
[10] Wadachi, K., "Ground sinking in west Osaka," Report Disaster Prevention Research Institute, vol. 3, 1940.
[11] Gabrysch, R. K., "Land surface subsidence in the Houston-Galveston Region, Texas, in Tision," International Association of Scientific Hydrology, vol. 88, pp. 43-54, 1969.
[12] Jacob, C. E., "On the Flow of Water in the Elastic Artesian Aquifer, "Transactions, American Geophysical Union, vol. 2, pp. 574-586, 1940.
[13] Jacob, C. E., "Flow of Groundwater," Engineering Hydraulics, ed. H. Rouse. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 321-386, 1950.
[14] Larson, K.J., H. Basagaolu, and M.A. Marino, “Prediction of optimal safe ground water yield and land subsidence in the los Banos-Kettleman city area, California, using a calibrated numerical simulation model,” Journal of Hydrology, vol. 242, pp. 79-102, 2001.
[15] 蔡東霖, "大區域地下水超抽導致地層下陷模式之發展與應用", 國立交通大學博士論文, 2001.
[16] 陳建銘, "地層下陷模擬程序之建立與應用─以大城鄉西港地區為例", 國立成功大學碩士論文, 2005.
[17] Biot, M. A., "General Theory of Three-dimensional Consolidation," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 12, pp. 155-164, 1941.
[18] Biot, M. A., "Theory of Elasticity and Consolidation for a Porous Anisotropic Solid," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 26, pp. 182-185, 1955.
[19] Bear, J., Corapcioglu, M. Y., "Mathematical model for regional land subsidence due to pumping: 2. Integrated aquifer subsidence equations for vertical and horizontal displacements," Water Resources Research, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 947-958, 1981.
[20] Verruiji, A., "Elastic Storage of aquifers in flow through porous media", edited by Dewiest, R. J. M., Academic, pp. 331-376, 1969.
[21] 曹鈞敏, "地下水超抽引致地層下陷之三維解析研究", 國立台灣大學博士論文, 2009.
[22] "ABAQUS 6.11 User's Manual."