全球暖化使營建業工作者成為熱危害高風險族群，亟需依其危害因子採取對應之有效控制。然而部分工程控制與行政管理於實務上常受限；相較之下，兼具輕量、可降低熱感受及熱應變之風冷式防護衣，尤其背心式（稱風扇背心），展現了應用潛力。然而，風扇背心於不同營建作業條件之控制效能實證仍相當有限。本研究首先藉定性訪談，蒐集共10名具熱危害專業之勞動檢查員、營建管理人員及專家學者意見，探討各類工程控制、行政管理、行政管理中個人防護於室外非重體力及室外重體力作業情境下之控制有效性、可落實性與最佳採用性，來釐清個人防護的角色及評定其中一類最具應用潛力者。定性結果顯示，多數工程控制和行政管理常受現場條件限制，顯現採用個人防護之重要性；綜合有效性與落實性，風冷式防護衣於室外兩情境皆被一致認可為最佳個人防護措施。本研究再執行定量實驗。定量實驗第一階段於我國南部夏、秋季的營建作業場所進行：依核心體溫和心率超出健康限值，即分別為38.0℃和（180-年齡）bpm情形，判定熱危害最嚴重之作業者，並運用蒙地卡羅搭配敏感度分析，探討勞工代謝產熱 (metabolic heat production, M)、皮膚對流交換熱 (skin convective heat exchange, C)、輻射交換熱 (skin radiative heat exchange, R)及蒸發散熱 (skin evaporative heat loss, E)對總熱蓄積 (thermal storage, S)之影響，依敏感因子選擇後續進行控制效能評估之措施。定量結果發現，於無任何防護下，模板作業者的熱危害風險最高，其中R和M為S的敏感因子，而E和C亦具一定之影響性。本研究再依前述實測數據建立十二類熱壓力情境（含四種環境WBGT等級和三種工作負荷之組合），運用預測熱應變模式 (Predicted Heat Strain (PHS) Model)推估在240分鐘作業時間，以核心體溫37.5℃作為行動閾值 (Action Limit, AL)，評估單獨採用遮蔭（降低輻射交換熱）、或風扇背心（原廠標示風量34.0L/s、49.0L/s、67.3L/s、及81.3L/s，增加蒸發散熱），及同時採用前述二者時的控制有效性。推估結果指出，於輕工作下，於中高熱 (WBGT: 27.49℃~32.23℃)和高熱環境 (WBGT: 32.23℃~34.51℃)分別採風扇背心風量34.0L/s和81.3L/s以上具有效性；中度工作下，於低熱 (WBGT≤25.03℃)、中低熱 (WBGT: 25.03℃~27.49℃)、中高熱環境 (WBGT: 27.49℃~32.23℃)分別需使用風量49.0L/s、49.0L/s、及67.3L/s以上，搭配降低黑球溫度分別至27.79℃、30.01℃及33.68℃之遮蔭防護亦有效，惟於高熱環境 (WBGT: 32.23~34.51℃)則有限；重工作下，任一環境皆未有足夠效能。最後，本研究現場評估風扇背心於風量34.0L/s及67.3L/s防護下，對勞工核心體溫及其超限 (37.5℃)比例之降低效果；此階段所測試的樣本將依各人次所屬之熱壓力情境與模式結果比對，驗證風扇背心的防護效能。該實場驗證結果指出，除中高熱環境輕工作情境下採用風扇背心風量34.0L/s及67.3L/s防護下，驗證數據因初始熱生理狀態和工作條件等因素而與模式數據存在分歧外，其餘情境皆相當一致，而整體一致性達67.5%。據此，應使中高熱環境下從事輕工作者選用風扇背心風量81.3L/s作為防護。事業單位可依循本研究成果作為風扇背心之選用策略。

Global warming has increased the risk of thermal hazards among construction workers, requiring targeted hazard control measures. Fan-cooling vests (VEST) among personal protective equipment (PPE)—offer a feasible alternative. Qualitative interviews with 10 Government-Industry-University stakeholders examined the applicability of engineering controls, administrative controls, and PPE. Results indicated that the former two were constrained in the field, highlighting the necessity of PPE; VEST was consistently identified as the optimal option. First-phase field measurements at construction sites: workers exhibiting the highest risk of hazards without control were identified based on core temperature (tc) and heart rate exceedances, followed by Monte Carlo-based sensitivity analysis examining influences of metabolic heat production (M), convective heat exchange (C), radiative heat exchange (R), and evaporative heat loss (E) on thermal storage (S). Results showed formworkers were the work type with highest risk, with sensitivity factors for S being R≈M>E≈C in order. Predicted Heat Strain (PHS) model was applied to estimate effectiveness of shading (reducing globe temperature), VEST (34.0L/s, 49.0L/s, 67.3L/s, and 81.3L/s, increasing air velocity) alone, and their combination against a 37.5°C tc limit over 240-min under 12 thermal-stress scenarios (four WBGT and three workload levels) established from field data. For light work, VEST alone was effective under medium-high (WBGT: 27.49~32.23°C) and high WBGT (WBGT: 32.23~34.51°C), respectively; for moderate work, VEST combined with shading was effective if WBGT below 32.23°C; heavy work showed insufficient effectiveness under all WBGT levels. Second-phase field measurements validate effectiveness of VEST (34.0L/s, 67.3L/s) against model. Results showed 67.5% of overall consistency, with discrepancies limited to light work under medium-high WBGT, prompting a revised recommendation of ≥81.3L/s. This study provides a VEST selection strategy under construction work scenarios.

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