橋墩位於天然河道中，由於局部沖刷導致周圍沖刷坑產生，致使橋樑本身安全受到危害。因此如果能正確地瞭解沖刷之發展歷程及沖刷深度，當能採取有效保護措施。
對於橋墩沖刷的研究上，前人多以實驗室之實驗渠道進形試驗研究，鮮少於實際河道中做橋墩沖刷試驗。本研究致力於實際河道中設置Pvc管做的橋墩，取得河流流速、水深、床底土壤物理性質及橋墩沖刷深度之發展歷程和橋墩前端沖刷坑坡度之量測。本實驗針對水深對橋墩沖刷之影響進行分析。
根據實驗結果得知，當流速與臨界起動流速比值V/Vc惟定值時，水深為水深與橋墩直徑比值H/D<3-4淺水的情況下，會影響橋墩沖刷深度，當水深與橋墩直徑比值H/D>3-4時，水深將不再影響橋墩沖刷的深度。
橋墩在水深為定值及流速幾乎相同沖刷下，我們可以知道橋墩沖刷深度隨著橋墩直徑越大沖刷深度越深，但是橋墩最大沖刷深度與橋墩直徑比值dsmax/D卻成反比。在上述相同條件下，我們可以知道橋墩的直徑越大，橋墩前方沖刷坑坡度越小坡度越平緩，沖刷範圍越大。

The bridge piers are subject to damage in natural channels ,the narrowing due to piers results the scour-holearound piers under the action of local scouring .For this reason,if we are able to predict the process of the development of scour and scour depth effectively,we can provide suitable measures to protect the bridge.

The pier scour of the study that more than their predecessors to the experimental laboratory-testing research into the channel, rarely do the actual pier scour in the river test. The river is committed to an actual set of Pvc pipe to get the river flow, depth, physical properties of soil erosion and depth of the pier development of the piers and scour pit slope of the front-end measurement. This study on the pier for water depth analysis of the impact of erosion.

The results of an experimental investigation, which were obtained for an effect of the scour depth , when the velocity of flow were divided into critical velocity of incipient motion(V/Vc) was constant and the ratio of depth to cylinder diameter was less than 3~4 in the shallows.Besides , the ratio of depth to cylinder diameter was greater than 3~4 , the flow depth would be no longer affected the scour depth of cylinder.

We could find that more cylinder diameter increased more scour depth observed under the situation for the same flow depth and the velocity of flow,but a maximum scour depth divided by diameter was an inverse ratio.As mentioned above, the information we obtained was that the more scour hollow gradient in front of the pier decreased the more gradient of bed smoothed gradually only on condition that the pier diameter kept increasing and thereby resulted in a broadened scour area broadened .

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