隨著新的商品與服務不斷推陳出新，市場競爭也更為激烈。企業所要專注的不再只是如何在市場上戰勝對手，而是如何降低成本、有效率地開發最新型產品，以吸引消費者，進而創造最佳效益。為了達到這個目的，與競爭對手建立策略聯盟（亦即「競合」）是近年來企業使用的常見方式之一，其中，家族企業與其競爭對手建立策略聯盟的案例在現實中也不在少數。然而，與競爭對手建立策略聯盟需要承受極大風險，和家族企業保守且風險趨避的習性相差甚遠。有鑑於此，本研究旨在探討家族企業在與競爭對手進行策略聯盟時，其績效表現會受哪些因素影響。本研究整理過往文獻，聚焦於家族企業之特質及企業導向，並發展假說。
本研究自2000至2020年間家族企業與競爭對手建立策略聯盟之資料篩選出101筆樣本，以競合對象是否為家族企業、競合對象是否為上市公司以及策略聯盟時間長短作為自變項，並以策略聯盟時間長短作為調節變數，探討其與焦點家族企業績效表現間之關係。
本研究以三種分析方法進行實證，實證結果顯示，競合對象是否為家族企業、競合對象是否為上市公司以及策略聯盟時間長短皆與焦點家族企業之績效表現無顯著關係。此外，策略聯盟時間長短對於競合對象是否為家族企業和競合對象是否為上市公司與焦點家族企業績效，表現並無顯著的調節作用。

Our study aims to investigate how family firms can improve their performance when they enter alliances with rivals, given their conservative and risk averse nature.
We compiled a sample of 101 alliances formed between 2000 to 2020 by U.S. family firms, in which the two participants of the alliance operated in the same four-digit SIC code. We use the focal family firms’ ROA as the dependent variable to reflect the focal family firms’ performance. For independent variables, we have “allying with family firm versus nonfamily firm,” “allying with unlisted firm versus listed firm,” and “alliance duration”, of which alliance duration also served as the moderator.

By using regression analysis, t-tests and the split-sample method for the moderating effects, the results show that neither allying with a nonfamily rival nor a listed company rival is positively related to better performance of the focal family firm. In addition, the longer alliance duration is not positively associated with better performance; meanwhile, the moderating effect of alliance duration is not significant when the focal family firm partners with neither a nonfamily rival nor a listed company rival.

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