光子晶體為兩種介電材料以週期性排列的結構，可抑制特定波段與角度之入射光，實現低穿透率甚至零穿透。常見均一粒徑微/奈米球組成之三維光子晶體，具有單一窄頻的光子能隙，若能低成本且快速製作光子晶體，並實現多頻段或寬頻的屏蔽效果，將大幅提升應用價值與範圍。故本研究開發快速且簡易之超音波震盪自組裝法製作三維光子晶體，主要設備為恆溫超音波震盪製程系統，此設備具備操作簡單、製程快速以及穩定超音波震盪等優點，並藉由堆疊法將多組光子晶體製作於玻璃基板上，達到多窄頻的遮蔽效果；另一方面，本研究利用三維平面波展開法理論基礎，針對目標波段確認能隙相近之兩組光子晶體，並將它們製作在玻璃基板的正反兩面，實現寬頻遮蔽效果。前述兩者效果皆透過可見光顯微光譜儀量測樣本穿透率頻譜呈現，並以電子顯微鏡呈現各組光子晶體均勻性。
另外，本研究製作光子晶體需使用聚苯乙烯奈米球溶液，但溶液中含有粒子時則會發生咖啡環效應，若要擴大光子晶體的分布範圍，此效應勢必需要被克服。本研究採用固定震盪頻率之表面聲波找到可成功抑制咖啡環效應之溶液參數，並由樣本穿透率量測結果證實成功製作出三維光子晶體樣本。

There are two research objectives in this work. The first one is development of multi-narrowband or broadband photonic crystal (PC) filters. The second one is suppression of coffee-ring effect to the nano-particles within droplet. In order to achieve the objectives, this research applied the three-dimensional (3D) plane-wave expansion method to predict the photonic bandgap of PC, whose were composed of different particle sizes. Then, this research set up a self-assembly system of stable ultrasonic oscillation to fabricate 3D PCs. Finally, multi-layered PCs were fabricated using stacking method, they possess multi-narrow bandgaps. Additionally, using two species of nano-particle size whose bandgaps are very close to each other fabricated two-layers PC sample. The photonic bandgaps of the sample will be expanded from narrowband to broadband. On the other hand, this work used the surface acoustic wave with fixed frequency to try to find out the parameters of polystyrene nano-particles solution whose coffee-ring effect can be suppressed successfully.
Finally, this work successfully developed the two narrowband, three narrowband and broadband PC filters. In addition, this research also successfully found out the parameters of polystyrene nano-particles solution whose coffee-ring effect can be suppressed.

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