化學治療引發周邊神經病變（chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, CIPN）是指使用某特定類化學治療藥物（Vinca alkaloids類、Taxane類、Platinum類等）導致感覺或運動神經傳導損傷，其症狀主要是手腳麻木、針刺感、步態不穩及平衡失調等問題，是造成化學治療病人發生跌倒原因之一。本研究旨在探討接受化學治療引發周邊神經病變之癌症病人住院跌倒的重要預測因子，作為預防腫瘤科病房病人跌倒措施之參考。研究設計採回溯性病例對照研究法（Retrospective Case-Control），採用癌症治療副作用護理評估表及個案基本特質調查表，針對南部某區域教學醫院自2009年1月至2013年12月住院期間內癌症病人具有CIPN且發生有紀錄跌倒為研究對象，對照組則為癌症病人具有CIPN未跌倒者，共計2組收案163位病人。研究結果發現罹病時間（Odds ratio [OR], 3.079; 95％ Confidence interval [CI], 1.256~7.549, p = 0.014）、CIPN嚴重度（OR, 0.008; 95％CI, 0.001~0.209, p＝0.004）等變項達統計上顯著差異，為具CIPN之癌症病人跌倒危險因素；另外化學藥物Oxaliplatin及Cisplatin的累積劑量與跌倒有顯著正相關（p < 0.05）。本研究分析結果指出罹病時間、CIPN嚴重度及化學藥物累積劑量為癌症病人接受化學治療引發周邊神經病變跌倒之相關危險因素，在臨床上將有助於護理人員準確評估及預防周邊神經病變症狀，建立跌倒防範措施，進而確保病人安全，達到提升照護品質。

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the side effects caused by chemotherapy, and its symptoms are related with sensory or motor nerve injury, resulting in numbness, unsteady gait. This study aims to investigate the important impacting factors of peripheral neuropathy on falls in cancer patients receiving Taxanes, Vinca alkaloids and Platinum-based chemotherapy. It was the retrospectively case-control study, enrolling 163 hospitalized patients who had CIPN with and without falls between January 2009 and December 2013 in southern teaching hospital oncology ward. Using logistic regression model, the risk of falls were significantly associated with the more longer disease duration (odds ratio [OR] = 3.079; 95％ confidence interval [CI], 1.256~7.549, p = 0.014)、the severity of CIPN(OR = 0.008; 95％CI, 0.001~0.209, p＝0.004). Besides, the accumulating doses of oxaliplatin and cisplatin were significantly associated with the risk of falls（p＜0.05）。All the results may provide the information on reducing injurious falls of inpatients with CIPN in oncology ward and avoiding interruption of cancer treatment, thus it will ensure patient safety and improve the quality of care.

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