地下水中鐵、錳總是伴隨存在，若無法將其含量經由處理降至限值以下時，將會產生紅水或黑水現象，並沈積而阻塞管線，造成對公共給水、工業用水、適飲性和適用性上之嚴重影響。本研究利用流體化床結晶技術，以20 ppm Fe2+溶液模擬地下水，進行去除地下水中鐵離子的研究，擔體選用常用之矽砂(簡稱Si) 與覆膜鐵氧化物之矽砂(SiG)，二種擔體用量均為300 g/L，pH值控制在6~8之間進行批次與連續式實驗。其目的在於：（1）作為錳砂濾池之前處理設備，有效降低濾池負荷，增加錳砂使用壽命（2）回收鐵，使污泥減量（3）覆膜之擔體可作催化劑。
由批次式結果顯示pH6時SiG擔體氧化亞鐵速率較快。使用SiG擔體時總鐵濃度隨pH上升而下降，最高移除率約97%；Si擔體對總鐵移除效果較SiG擔體差約10～20%。批次實驗過程中發現當不控制pH值時，總鐵去除率比有控制時高5～10%。由於地下水常以缺氧狀態存在，因此反應過程中利用曝氣提供飽和溶氧，實驗結果發現曝氣會使除鐵效果降低約10%。除此之外，實驗結果發現，以SiG擔體做處理時，擔體無失活之問題（錳砂有失活之問題，需再生），因此無使用壽命之期限。
連續式實驗pH值操作於6.8～8之間，結果顯示當pH值上升時，對亞鐵皆能完全氧化，但總鐵去除率隨pH上升而下降，因此pH值太高或太低皆不適宜，pH7左右為最佳操作pH值，最佳去除率約為95%。

Iron and manganese are natural constituents of the earth crust and always appear together in the groundwater. If iron and manganese concentration are above the drinking water standard there will produce red or black water, and then deposits and block up pipeline. Both elements will create serious problems in drinking and factory water supplies. Fluidized bed crystallization (FBC) technology is used in this study to remove iron. 3000g/L iron oxide (SiG) or silica (Si) was chosen for the support in the fluidized bed reactor. The pH is controlled from 6 to 8. The first objective of this study is to remove iron in the water. The second one is that the FBC reactor could be used as the equipment before the filtration unit in order to reduce the iron load of the filtration system. The third one is that the support after reaction could be used as catalyst after treatment. Therefore, the lifetime of manganese coating sand used in the filtration system could be increased.
The results of batch experiment show that the oxidization of ferrous iron increases with increasing pH. But, on the contrary, the removal efficiency of the total iron concentration decreases as pH increases. The best total iron removal efficiency by SiG support is about 97% which is 10~20% better than Si support. We also found that the total iron removal efficiency at the condition without pH control is 5~10% better than that with pH control. Due to the absence of oxygen in groundwater, we suppose that the applying of aeration may be much workable to increase the dissolved oxygen and then increase total iron removal efficiency. Contrarily, the results showed the total iron removal efficiency decreases about 10% by aeration. The great advantage of the SiG support using in this system is that it has almost no limitation of lifetime when used in the removal of iron.
The results of continuous experiment ( 6.8< pH <8) show the same tendency as batch one in oxidization of ferrous iron. As the pH increases, almost all ferrous iron will be oxidized. But there is an optimal pH for the total iron removal ratio. Beyond this value, either too high or too low pH decreases the total iron removal ratio. The best operating condition is at pH7 and the maximum total iron removal is about 95%.

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