都市熱島效應的高溫化現象對都市熱環境和戶外熱舒適造成強烈的衝擊，增加空調設備的使用導至能源的耗用量增高。因此評估戶外熱舒適及能源耗用的方法變得很重要。在多個熱舒適指標中，平均輻射溫度(Tmrt)是可量化輻射熱對人體的影響的重要指標。當遇到熱浪來襲時對於如何量化人類的熱負荷，Tmrt相關知識的理解是很重要的。雖然過去的衛星遙測方法可以方便的顯示較大尺度的地理訊息以及地表溫度，但對於較小尺度城市中複雜的輻射特性分佈則因為解析度較低和缺乏建築及植栽垂直分布的資訊，並無法進行準確及迅速的熱舒適預估。因此，衛星遙測方法無法提供都市內生物氣象足夠的相關資訊，限制了對戶外人體熱舒適進行時空分布詳細描述的可能性。過去使用實地調查、抽樣調查及模擬來預估能源的耗用量，但並無法進行大範圍的能源耗用預估。
為了幫助解決此重要議題，本研究提出一種創新的方法用以預估Tmrt，藉由結合高解析度的空載光達(LiDAR)與近紅外光地表溫度測量(TIR)之遙測技術及地面同步氣候實測，觀察都市熱環境，並以台灣新北市板橋區的高密度開發區作為操作對象。在遙測的部分，採用高解析度空載光達以解析度1m×1m 進行地形及地表物探勘掃描成像的技術，識別並取得建築樓高、總樓地板面積、植栽型態與樹冠冠幅等資訊。熱影像則以解析度0.5m×0.5m，精度0.05度C進行拍攝，取得水平面及垂直面的輻射熱，進一步取得地表溫度和建物表面溫度。而在地表測量上，於地面進行同步的空氣溫度、相對溼度、地表溫度、輻射溫度之量測，並透過經緯度定位用以校正遙測之結果。結合以上三種數據，將可評估和比較用不同的方法所計算出之Tmrt。同時也可了解都市開發因子對都市熱環境及人體生理熱感知之影響。
分析結果發現，由高解析度熱影像及光達所預測之Tmrt與地表實測資料進行比對呈現高相關性。將板橋區的Tmrt以分布圖形式呈現，可迅速地尋找出都市熱點。此外，結合高解析度空載光達及土地利用屬性所預測之能源耗用與實際值呈現高相關性。因此，採用熱紅外線遙測結合光達技術，將有助於快速且準確地了解都市生物微氣候環境；而結合光達與土地利用屬性，可有助於大面積的能源耗用預估。
高解析度空載光達與熱紅外線影像在未來對都市熱環境的研究極具發展潛力，尚有許多可應用的地方，如可應用於估算人體熱舒適指標PET、預估之高能耗區與熱點分布之關聯等。

Urban heat island effect has a strong impact on urban thermal environment and thermal comfort of humans. Although satellite remote sensing can easily show the information of thermal distribution in a large area, there is still lack of accuracy and fast approach to estimate the complex characteristic of the distribution of radiation in urban areas due to the low resolution images of conventional satellite remote sensing and the lack of the information about the vertical surfaces. In order to solve this important issue, the research presents an innovative approach by using the high resolution airborne LiDAR technology combined with thermal infrared remote sensing, and conducting surface measurement simultaneously to observe the urban thermal environment. The Banqiao district in New Taipei City , which is high development, is selected as an survey area. In terms of aerial survey, airborne LiDAR sensors can be used to create a DSM (Digital Surface Model) in high resolution 1m×1m per pixel with scanning imaging technique, so that the building heights, building area, form of planting, and tree crown can be obtained. By combining the three kinds of information through the latitude and longitude, the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) can be calculated and compared.
According to the analysis result, the Tmrt estimated by data from thermal imager and LiDAR was compared to the data from ground survey and show high accuracy. Presenting Tmrt and physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) of Banqiao district in the form of maps is useful for identifying hotspots in the city. In addition, the energy use estimated by combination of LiDAR and land use properties have a high correlation to the actual values. Therefore, thermal infrared remote sensing combined with LIDAR technology can improve the accuracy and the understanding of urban bioclimatic conditions in urban thermal environment. of great potential for further development.

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