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研究生：	陸愛蓮 Elumba, Elaine Luarca
論文名稱：	Critical Users' Concerns on Philippine Metro Rail Transit: An Application of Multiple Criteria Decision Making Approach Critical Users’ Concerns on Philippine Metro Rail Transit: An Application of Multiple Criteria Decision Making Approach
指導教授：	鄭至甫 Jeng, Don Jyh-Fu
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	管理學院 - 國際經營管理研究所碩士班 Institute of International Management (IIMBA--Master)
論文出版年：	2012
畢業學年度：	100
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	107
外文關鍵詞：	Multiple criteria decision Making (MCDM), Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), Resource base view (RBV), Project management, Railway industry, Operational efficiency, Transport economic development, Concerns of commuters towards MRT
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This study builds on the Resource Base View theory for organizations and how the external social factors can affect the operational efficiency of the Metro Manila MRT Line 3 thereby to propose recommendations on the principles of Project Management that in turn can influence their strategic competitive advantage. By utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy Process, the critical concerns of the commuters were identified, weighted and ranked according to their vector priorities. The importance of these criteria represents the sectors of the system that may need immediate investment or solution from the railway company’s decision makers.

As such, using the AHP approach, five major criteria were identified which includes pricing, timeliness, service, comfort and security each with sub-criteria of its own. Findings show that more than 12 percent of the 142 respondents deem that pricing of the fare compared to other modes of transport in the city concerns them the most followed by security issues that specifically deals with the pick-pocketing inside the station and the trains while facilities like lavatory or more stations were all rated of low. These factors influence their perception and preference towards the system both positively and negatively depending on the quality they get and therefore recommended to be paid attention to.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT	III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS	IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS	VI
LIST OF TABLES	IX
LIST OF FIGURES	XI
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION	1
1.1 Research Background.	1
1.2 Research Gaps.	4
1.3 Motivation of the Study.	7
1.4 Research Objectives and Significance.	9
1.5 Structure of the Study.	10
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW	12
2.1 Metropolitan Manila Philippines and Transport Condition.	12
2.2 Metro Rail Transit Line 3 (MRT3).	14
2.2.1 Terms of Contract.	15
2.2.2 Ridership.	17
2.2.3 Rolling Stock.	20
2.2.4 Budgetary Consequences.	21
2.2.5 Current Status.	22
2.3 Decision Support for Railway: Project Management Perspective.	23
2.4 Essential Considerations in Railway in Pursuit of Efficient Operation.	25
2.4.1 Resource Based View (RBV) Theory in Railway Management.	33
CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY	37
3.1 Research Design and Procedure.	37
3.1.1 Framework Development.	37
3.1.2 Developing the Criteria: Content Analysis.	38
3.2 Research Method.	42
3.2.1 Multiple Criteria Decision Making.	42
3.2.2 Pairwise Comparison Technique: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).	42
3.3 Sampling Plan of the Study.	45
3.3.1 AHP Step by Step Process.	45
3.3.2 Quantified Step by Step Process.	46
CHAPTER FOUR RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSIS	49
4.1 Demographics of the Respondents.	50
4.2 Empirical Analysis.	52
4.2.1 Empirical Analysis of the Outcomes: Level 1 Major Criteria.	52
4.2.2 Empirical Analysis of the Outcomes: Level 2 Sub-Criteria.	57
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS	74
5.1 Discussion.	74
5.2 Project Management Proposal Overview: A Social Contract.	76
5.2.1 From Theory to Practice: PM as Tool for RBV.	76
5.2.2 The Project: Manila MRT Development and Improvement.	78
5.2.3 The Project: Characterized.	81
5.2.4 The Project’s Challenges and Risks.	82
5.3 Limitations and Recommendations for Future Research.	86
REFERENCES	88
APPENDICES	98
Apendix 1: Questionnaire Design.	98


 
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1 Existing Problems in Philippine Rail Transport in General	2
Table 2-1 Metro Manila Population over the Years	12
Table 2-2 Updated 2012 Budget for MRT-3	16
Table 2-3 Summaries of Techniques for Measuring Quality of Service	26
Table 3-1 User’s Critical Concern Goal Structure	40
Table 3-2 Break-down of Respondents’ Controlled Variables	45
Table 3-3 Average Random Consistency Index (R.I.)	48
Table 4-1 Traditionally Pairwise Intensities and Simplified Choices Used in this Research	49
Table 4-2 Comparison Matrix Format Used in this Study	50
Table 4-3 Pairwise Comparison of the Five Major Criteria	54
Table 4-4 Normalization of the Five Major Criteria	55
Table 4-5 Test of Consistency of the Five Major Criteria	56
Table 4-6 Pairwise Comparison under Criterion Pricing	58
Table 4-7 Normalization and Test of Consistency under Criterion Pricing	58
Table 4-8 Pairwise Comparison under Timeliness Criterion	59
Table 4-9 Normalization and Test of Consistency under Timeliness Criterion	60
Table 4-10 Pairwise Comparison under Service Criterion	62
Table 4-11 Normalization and Test of Consistency under Service Criterion	62
Table 4-12 Pairwise Comparison under Comfort Concerns Criterion	66
Table 4-13 Normalization and Test of Consistency under Comfort Criterion	68
Table 4-14 Pairwise Comparison under Security Concerns Criterion	69
Table 4-15 Normalization and Test of Consistency under Security Concerns Criterion	69
Table 4-16 AHP Overall Ranking of All the Entries (Sub-Criteria Interdependence)	71
Table 5-1 Objectives and Results	75
Table 5-2 Project Recommendations Based on the Ranking Results	84
 
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2-1. Companies involved in decision making of MRT3 operation and management	16
Figure 2-2. Railway map of the Philippines	18
Figure 2-3. MRT3 comparative ridership report per station	19
Figure 2-4. Fare table and travel time guide of MRT3	20
Figure 2-5. MRT3 vehicle specifications	21
Figure 2-6. PPP program project for MRT line 3	23
Figure 2-7. Project-system interfaces in railway	24
Figure 2-8. The resource-based view	36
Figure 3-1. Goal hierarchy structure for critical users’ concerns	41
Figure 3-2. Advantages of AHP method	44
Figure 4-1. Satisfaction level of commuters towards the current MRT3, April-May 2012	51
Figure 4-2. Weighted vectors of priority for the five major concerns of commuters	57
Figure 4-3. Weighted vectors of priority for the pricing concerns of commuters	58
Figure 4-4. Weighted vectors of priority for the timeliness concerns of commuters	61
Figure 4-5. Weighted vectors of priority for the service concerns of commuters	63
Figure 4-6. Weighted vectors of priority for the comfort concerns of commuters	65
Figure 4-7. Weighted vectors of priority for the security concerns of commuters	70
Figure 4-8. Shares of overall ranking of critical concerns of commuters	73
Figure 5-1. From project management to project type procedure	77
Figure 5-2. Project management trends along the dimensions of uncertainty and scope	78
Figure 5-3. Mapping MRT3 key players	79
                                    

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