近年由於全球暖化議題受到相當大的重視，而二氧化碳是造成全球暖化最常見的溫室氣體，因此，大眾對傳統的耗能產業開始更加關注，而鋼鐵業就是其中的產業之一。本研究首先使用產業關聯分析探討台灣鋼鐵業在產業間的關聯性及二氧化碳排放與能源消費之情況，進一步，應用投入產出結合生命週期評估法分析台灣鋼鐵業在溫室效應及相關環境議題上之直接與間接衝擊。
由產業關聯分析結果，鋼鐵業在台灣整體經濟中扮演相當重要的角色，其向前、向後之產業關聯度在所有產業中高居前三位，可以看出鋼鐵業不僅提供大量產品給下游產業，亦帶動很多上游產業的生產，對整體產業有相當的支撐及帶動的效果，因此鋼鐵業對台灣的經濟貢獻相當的大。另外，鋼鐵業使用的能源主要為媒，所以排放了大量的CO2，其CO2排放以2006年為例，其排放量達2.22 tCO2，佔全部產業之8.7%。
根據SimaPro中的TRACI及IMAPCT 2002+的衝擊評估量化結果，顯示台灣鋼鐵業的主要環境衝擊為生態毒性及全球暖化，其中生態毒性是由於鋼鐵業產生了相對多的重金屬所造成；而全球暖化是因為在煉鋼及運鋼過程中排放過多CO2所致。因此，除了製程產出的污染物改善外，可嘗試由供應鏈與原料端來進行改善，在物料管理時，需要加強環境監測與鼓勵鋼廠汰舊換新。此外，在未來，需要進一步改善能源燃料結構及能源效率，且增加更多高附加價值產出，才可在經濟發展的同時兼顧到環境的永續。

In recent years, the iron and steel companies in some countries have paid more attention to energy-saving and high-efficiency processes for steel manufacture because of environmental awareness around the globe. It is clear that the iron and steel sector is a power-intensive industry that contributes large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions. The first part of this study uses industrial linkage analysis to explore the economic relationship of each sector with the iron and steel sector in Taiwan. Then, the second part uses input-output life cycle assessment to analyze the environmental burden resulting from direct and indirect linkage effect.
The iron and steel sector plays an important role in supporting and promoting other industries according to the results of the sensitivity index and the power index of dispersion, both values are larger than the average. Thus, the iron and steel sector is one of the significant contributors to Taiwan's economic activities. Since coal plays a key role for energy use of the iron and steel sector, but it releases a lot of CO2 that contributes to climate warming. Therefore, it is critical to shift energy structure in order to improve the efficiency and structure of energy use, and to increase the productivity of high value-added products.
Finally, the main environmental issues are eco-toxicity and global warming according to TRACI and IMPACT 2002+ SimaPro models results. Along this line, companies of the iron and steel sector and associated sectors have to generate more awareness of the environmental consequence and damage, and the government must develop stronger environmental policy framework to guard the environment and the quality of people’s life; since the iron and steel sector not only affects the industrial economics significantly, but it also causes severe environmental impacts. Therefore, besides improving process pollutants and enhancing the monitor programs, the industry can improve the supply chain and raw material side as well. Moreover, the government should encourage the iron and steel sector to replace old mills with green factories, as well as to improve the fuel structure and increase of high value-added product.

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