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研究生： 蕭名桓
Hsiao, Ming-Huan
論文名稱： 鈦過量對摻鑭鈦酸鍶塊材熱電性質之影響
Effects of Ti excess on thermoelectric properties of La-doped strontium titanate bulks
指導教授： 黃啟祥
Hwang, Chii-Shyang
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 材料科學及工程學系
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年： 2018
畢業學年度： 106
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 96
中文關鍵詞： 熱電材料 、鈦酸鍶 、鈦過量
外文關鍵詞： Thermoelectric material, SrTiO3, Ti excess
相關次數： 點閱：88  下載：2 
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    • 隨著環保意識興起，新能源的開發及節能減碳，已經成為現今人類發展的重要議題。熱電材料透過溫差即可將熱能與電能轉換，為一受到期待的功能材料，在溫差發電及熱電致冷方面都具有廣泛的應用價值，其中陶瓷熱電材料具有成本低廉、無毒、無污染等之優點，是深具發展潛力的材料。
    陶瓷材料中之鈦酸鍶是功能性非常多元的材料，具有介電常數高、介電損耗低、Seebeck係數高及熱穩定性好等之優點，是科學家積極研究的熱電材料。稀土元素的摻雜為提升鈦酸鍶熱電性質的常見手段，其中以鑭摻雜之鈦酸鍶在前人的研究中具有最佳熱電性質。此外，鍶與鈦的計量調整為改善鈦酸鍶熱電性質的一個新方向，當鈦過量時材料內會有第二相生成，進而影響鈦酸鍶的熱電性質。
    因此，本研究以鈦過量的摻鑭鈦酸鍶為研究材料，實驗以固相反應法合成粉末，將粉體成型後於氬氫還原氣氛(5% H2-95%Ar)中以1500 ℃燒結4小時成為Sr0.92La0.08TixO3(x = 1.00 ~ 1.10) 塊材，並探討鈦過量塊材之結晶相、微結構、電傳導與熱傳導特性及熱電性質的影響。
    結晶相與微結構方面，諸試樣均為鈦酸鍶單一相，鈦過量對晶粒大小無顯著影響，整體晶粒皆呈現近圓球狀，其平均粒徑大小為2 ~ 3 μm，塊材之相對密度為90 ~ 92 %。
    電傳導率方面，隨著鈦過量的增加，電傳導率呈現先增後減之趨勢，顯示微量鈦過量有助於電傳導率之提升，1.04 Ti試樣具有最高之功率因子(Power factor)，其值約為1.03 mW/m-K2。Seebeck係數方面，諸試樣皆為n型半導體，鈦過量對Seebeck係數影響不大。熱傳導率方面，隨著鈦過量的增加，電傳導率的提升，使得熱傳導率也隨之增加，故無鈦過量之1.00 Ti試樣具有最低之熱傳導率。
    綜合各項熱電性質所計算之試樣ZT值，結果顯示鈦過量之諸試樣，其ZT值均高於無鈦過量之試樣，表示鈦過量是能有效提升摻鑭鈦酸鍶熱電性質的方法，1.04 Ti試樣具有最高ZT值，在673K時約為0.13。

    In this study, the effects of Ti excess on the thermoelectric performance of La-doped strontium titanate bulks were investigated. Nonstoichiometric Sr0.92La0.08TixO3-δ (x = 1.00 ~ 1.10) powders were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction and calcined at 1300 °C for 6 hours with intermediate grinding. The mixture powders were CIP-ed and then sintered at 1500 °C for 4 hours in a 5% H2/Ar atmosphere. The densities of samples were evaluated by Archimedes’ method. The crystal structure and microstructure were confirmed by XRD and SEM, respectively. The thermoelectric properties of bulk samples were measured from 303 K to 673 K. Ti excess was found to have a noticeable effect on the electrical conductivity, but slightly decreased the absolute value of Seebeck coefficient. High power factor was observed in sample with appropriate Ti excess content. The thermal conductivity increased by Ti excess as electronic thermal conductivity increased. Consequently, Sr0.92La0.08Ti1.04O3-δ showed the highest the highest figure of merit (ZT)value of ~ 0.13 at 673 K.

    目錄 中文摘要 I Extended Abstract III 誌謝 XII 目錄 XIV 表目錄 XVII 圖目錄 XVIII 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 前言 1 1-2 研究動機目的及策略 3 第二章 文獻回顧 5 2-1熱電效應 5 2-1-1 Seebeck 效應 5 2-1-2 Peltier 效應 6 2-1-3 Thomson 效應 7 2-1-4熱電優值(Figure of merit)與能源轉換效率 7 2-2提升熱電材料性能的方法 10 2-2-1提升功率因子 10 2-2-2降低熱傳導率 11 2-3 熱電材料的發展與應用 12 2-4熱電材料的分類 15 2-4-1 Skutterudites 型化合物材料與Clathrates 結構材料 15 2-4-2 半導體金屬合金型熱電材料 16 2-4-3 Half-Heusler 合金系統 17 2-4-4 陶瓷熱電材料 17 2-5氧化物熱電材料的簡介 18 2-5-1 P-type氧化物 18 2-5-2 N-type氧化物 20 2-6鈦酸鍶相關背景及研究動態 22 2-6-1 鈦酸鍶材料常見的合成與製備方法 23 2-6-2鈦酸鍶材料的熱電研究與應用 26 2-6-3鈦酸鍶燒結特性相關研究 29 2-7非計量比鈦酸鍶電性探討之相關文獻 33 第三章 實驗方法與步驟 53 3-1實驗用藥品及原料 53 3-2實驗流程 53 3-3材料性質之分析 54 3-3-1結晶相鑑定 54 3-3-2燒結體密度之量測 54 3-3-3顯微結構之分析與元素分析 55 3-3-4化學鍵結分析 55 3-3-5 燒結體表面色差分析 56 3-4燒結體熱電性質之分析 56 3-4-1電傳導率量測 56 3-4-2 Seebeck係數之量測 57 3-4-3熱傳導率量測 57 第四章 結果與討論 66 4-1燒結體性質分析 66 4-1-1相鑑定與顯微結構 66 4-1-2化學鍵結分析 66 4-1-3表面色差分析 67 4-2燒結體之熱電性質分析 68 4-2-1 電傳導率 68 4-2-2 Seebeck係數 69 4-2-3功率因子 70 4-2-4熱傳導率 70 4-2-5 ZT值 71 第五章 結論 89 參考文獻 90

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