近年來，台灣光電半導體業等嶄新的高科技產業發展蓬勃，其中薄膜液晶螢幕(Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display, TFT-LCD)由於可應用在許多相關科技上而使需求與日俱增。但隨著需求與產量逐漸增加，光電產業的廢水量也逐日劇增。光電產業廢水中主要包括製程中使用大量的高濃度且高強度的含氮、硫有機化學溶劑。目前國內的光電產業多以傳統好氧生物處理此類廢水，或以缺氧-好氧生物處理(Anoxic-Oxic, AO process)以降低此類廢水對微生物的負荷與影響，但由於光電產業廢水的成分及廢水量，容易受到當季產能的影響，廢水量以及組成往往瞬息萬變。加上現今國內水資源逐漸短缺，工業內水資源回收的問題漸漸受到重視，同時若此大量含氮廢水若未經適當處理排入水體，將會對環境造成難以抹滅的衝擊。有鑑於此，眾多工業開始發展統一處理產業中含氮廢水與後續回收的技術發展。而在光電產業內也開始利用廠內的生物廢水系統處理多股廠內不同來源之廢水，但實廠生物處理流程操作參數(如流量等)的不穩定性卻間接影響其處理效能，如何增加生物處理系統對於氮系汙染物處理效能的穩定性，是未來光電產業重要課題之一。
由於MBR單元操作有其複雜性，再者光電廠內製程廢水其組成相當多元，使得結合MBR的生物系統其操作條件更加複雜，且基於保密條約協定下，實廠無法提供詳細MBR操作參數與資料。故本研究將主要針對實廠(F廠)結合MBR處理系統的光電廢水生物處理流程的變更過程，配合傳統水質分析以及操作參數監控，評估結合MBR系統的傳統生物處理系統是否提升整體硝化效能，並配合分子生物檢測技術可提供快速、確切的微生物族群生態結構與消長，在生物處理流程中更能完整的解釋並掌控處理效能。
光電廠(F廠)之生物處理系統，主要為結合薄膜生物反應槽(membrane bioreactor, MBR)之處理系統，於不同的處理流程與操作參數下，以傳統水質監測技術評估其處理有機物及氮汙染物的效能，並配合分子生物技術(主要為Terminal-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, T-RFLP)探討在改變處理程序的過程中優勢氨氧化菌群(Ammonia-Oxidized Bacteria)於系統中的消長情況。以更有效地掌控光電產業廢水生物處理系統的效能。評估結合MBR系統的傳統生物處理系統是否提升硝化效能。
光電廠(F廠)操作A/O MBR系統時期硝化效能不佳，經由改變為A/O/A/O MBR操作後硝化效能明顯提升，而在嘗試改變為O/A/O MBR操作後，硝化效能也穩定呈現。根據分子技術檢測及水質分析，發現F廠存在豐富好氧氨氧化菌(主要為Nitrosomonas oligotropha， Nitrosomonas europaea，Nitrosomonas communis以及 Nitrosomonas marina )。在F廠生物處理系統操作的310天內，進行長期水質分析與評估氨氧化菌硝化表現的同時，建立一實驗室規模的好氧反應槽模擬實廠內好氧槽的狀況，發現實廠生物系統中可能存在膠體性COD問題。而在F廠在改變處理系統後，不僅改善系統內膠體性COD問題，並且硝化效能明顯提升，同時生物系統內持續存在主要優勢氨氧化菌Nitrosomonas oligotropha以及Nitrosomonas communis。在觀察F廠硝化效能狀況後，推測膠體性COD在MBR系統內為影響硝化效能的主要因子。
本研究除了對實廠進行長期水質分析及微生物族群監測以外，同時也利用實驗室規模的好氧反應槽模擬實廠內好氧槽的狀況，輔以好氧活性汙泥硝化活性批次試驗以比對現場水質資料，嘗試在研究期間配合水質分析與分子生物技術找出實廠硝化效能之主因，期許提升實廠整體去除總氮效能。

Along with the TFT-LCD and semiconductor industries development growing rapidly, the requirement of Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) substantially increases due to TFT-LCD monitor could combine many technology, and the amount of pollutants produced during manufacturing processes also increases. TFT-LCD wastewater contains high-strength organic nitrogen from the use of organic solvent：mono-ethanolamine(MEA, C2H5ONH2), and tetra-methyl ammonium hydroxide(TMAH, (CH3)4NOH) and dimethyl sulphoxide(DMSO, (CH3)2SO). In Taiwan A/O biological treatment is widely used to settle organic wastewater problem. Nowadays because the organic wastewater quality changes exceptionally and the improvement of water reuse, many industries begin to develop wastewater treatment to all wastewater on-site, and follow-up water reuse. How to increase the stability of biological wastewater treatment is important issue in the future. In this research, the nitrification efficiency in the changes of biological process in F site will be evaluated. Company with long-term water quality analysis, hydraulic operation factor monitor and molecular methods, entire information will explain the nitrification performance in F site.
By the performing molecular methods targeting on functional gene amoA of AOB such as Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR), and Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism(T-RFLP) to identify the shift in microbial communities, and water quality analysis could be rapidly connect with the evaluation of nitrification to apply the efficiency control of on-site. In this research, T-RFLP results show that during the changes of biological process in F site, two communities of Nitrosomonas oligotropha and Nitrosomonas communis seems be the important species on F site nitrification performance. With the processes changes in F site, the problem of colloid COD could improve than before.
In this research, also use laboratory-scale experiment like batch test and operation of bio-reactor to simulate the situation of aerobic tank on-site, to test the activities of aerobic sludge and compare with on-site water quality. The target of this research is attempted to figure out the factors influencing nitrification in MBR system.
More researchs is developing in order to promote the efficiency of total nitrogen removal in TFT-LCD wastewater treatment plants.

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